Calaverite - Calaverite

Japanese: カラベラス鉱 - からべらすこう(英語表記)calaverite
Calaverite - Calaverite

A gold telluride (chemical formula AuTe 2 ). It is a member of the sylvanite group of minerals, kostovite (CuAuTe 4 ). Krennelite also belongs to this group, and some say it is polymorphic with calaverasite, but this mineral is pure AuTe 2 , whereas krennelite always contains silver (Ag), so it is not polymorphic in the strict sense. It is euhedral, monoclinic columnar, elongated along the b axis. Striations develop parallel to the elongation direction. It occurs in low- to high-temperature hydrothermal vein-type gold and silver deposits, forming high-grade gold ores. In Japan, nearly pure material has been reported from the Date Mine (closed) in Date City, Hokkaido, and it has also been confirmed from the Suzaki Mine (closed) in Shimoda City, Shizuoka Prefecture.

Coexisting minerals include tellurides such as tellurite, tellurite, krennelite, and rickardite (Cu 7 Te 5 ), and sulfide minerals such as pyrite, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, and stibnite. In broad daylight, the surface appears brassy-colored, but in direct light it appears silvery-white. Its morphology is almost invisible, and it is very fragile. Specimens that can be observed with the naked eye exist in Western Australia. It is named after Calaveras County, California, where it originates.

[Akira Kato February 17, 2016]

[References] | Krennelite | Euhedral | Sylvanianite | Phenomorphic [Supplementary information] | Calaverasite (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

テルル化金(化学式AuTe2)の鉱物。コストフ鉱kostovite(CuAuTe4)‐シルバニア鉱群鉱物の一員。クレンネル鉱もこれに属し、カラベラス鉱と同質異像関係にあるとする見解もあるが、本鉱は純粋なAuTe2であるのに対し、クレンネル鉱はつねに銀(Ag)を含むので、厳密な意味で同質異像ではない。自形はb軸方向に伸びた単斜柱状。伸びの方向に平行に条線が発達する。低温~高温熱水鉱脈型金・銀鉱床に産し、高品位の金鉱を形成する。日本では北海道伊達(だて)市伊達鉱山(閉山)からほとんど純粋に近いものが報告されており、静岡県下田(しもだ)市須崎(すざき)鉱山(閉山)からも確認されている。

 共存鉱物はテルル化物の例をあげれば、テルル鉛鉱、テルル水銀鉱、クレンネル鉱、リカルド鉱rickardite(Cu7Te5)、硫化鉱物としては黄鉄鉱、閃(せん)亜鉛鉱、硫砒(りゅうひ)鉄鉱、輝安鉱など。白昼の散乱光下では表面は真鍮(しんちゅう)色を帯びて見えるが、直射光では銀白色に見える。形態はほとんど見えず、非常にもろい。西オーストラリアには肉眼的に観察可能な標本がある。命名は原産地のあるアメリカ、カリフォルニア州カラベラスCalaveras郡にちなむ。

[加藤 昭 2016年2月17日]

[参照項目] | クレンネル鉱 | 自形 | シルバニア鉱 | 同質異像[補完資料] | カラベラス鉱(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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