Kara Juro - Kara Juro

Playwright, director, actor, and novelist. His real name was Yoshihide Otsuru. Born in February 1940 in Shitaya Mannen-cho, Tokyo. In 1958 (Showa 33), he entered the drama department of the Faculty of Letters at Meiji University, and was active as an actor in the student theater group "Experimental Theater." Upon graduating in 1987, he joined the theater company Young People's Art Theater (abbreviated as Seigei) as a trainee, but left the following year. In July of the same year, he launched the Situation Theater with Sartre's "The Respectful Prostitute." During his student days, Tang was greatly influenced by Sartre. In 1984, he staged his first play, "23:54 'Under the Tower' The Journey is Waiting in Front of the Candy Shop in Takehaya-cho," and from his second play "The Spiral Goes Inside the Wall" in the same year, he began to combine writing and directing. In 1967, she set up a red tent in the grounds of Hanazono Shrine in Shinjuku, Tokyo, and performed "Koshimaki Osen: Giri Ninjyo Irohani Hoheto Hen," and soon became a representative figure of the avant-garde theater known as underground theater, along with Terayama Shuji's Tenjo Sajiki. In 1968, she published her first collection of plays, "Koshimaki Osen," which included her theory on the theater, "Privileged Body Theory." This theory, which focused on the actor's body from a unique perspective, had a strong influence on subsequent generations. In 1970, she won the Kishida Drama Award for her play "Shojo Kamen," solidifying her presence, and at the same time, she shook up the established theater world with her brilliant and powerful romantic plays that intertwine the present and the past, which could be called a theory on the postwar Tang Dynasty, such as "Vampire Princess" (1971), "A Tale of Two Cities" (1972), and "Tang Version Kaze no Matasaburo" (1974). On the other hand, he demonstrated a drive that is completely different from the overwhelming majority of Western-oriented theater people in Japan, performing A Tale of Two Cities in guerilla style in Seoul, South Korea, under martial law in 1972, The Tiger of Bengal in Bangladesh in 1973, and An Arab Version of Kaze no Matasaburo in the Middle East in 1974. In 1982, he won the Akutagawa Prize for Letters from Sagawa-kun, widening the scope of his activities. In 1988, he dissolved the Situation Theatre and formed Kara-gumi, which launched with Wandering Johnny and has continued to perform in the Red Tent with few exceptions to this day. In 1997, he became a professor at Yokohama National University.

[Yoshio Ozasa]

"Koshimaki Osen" (1968, Gendai Shichosha)" ▽ "Kara Juro Complete Works Volumes 1-6 (1979-80, Fuyukisha)" ▽ "Kara Juro First Essay Collection: A Poisonous Speech in the Wind, Kara Juro Second Essay Collection: Panther's Eyes" (1979-80, Mainichi Shimbun)" ▽ "Wandering Johnny" (1988, Fukutake Shoten) ▽ "Shojo Kamen: Chinese Version of Kaze no Matasaburo" (1997, Hakusuisha)" ▽ "Privileged Body Theory" (1997, Hakusuisha) ▽ "The Secret Garden" (1998, Okisuisha) ▽ "Letters from Sagawa-kun" (Kawade Bunko) ▽ "Kara Juro as a Contemporary Man by Yamaguchi Takeshi (1980, Sanichi Shobo)" ▽ "The Human Library, by Kara Juro and commentary by Ogita Akihiko" "Kara Juro - My Youthful Wanderings" (1994, Japan Library Center) " Naoto Horikiri's "Kara Juro Galaxy" (1998, Seikyusha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

劇作家、演出家、俳優、小説家。本名大靏義英(おおつるよしひで)。昭和15年2月、東京・下谷万年町生まれ。1958年（昭和33）に明治大学文学部演劇科に入学し、学生劇団「実験劇場」で俳優として活躍する。62年卒業と同時に劇団青年芸術劇場（略称は青芸）に研究生として入団するも翌年退団、その年の7月にサルトル作『恭しき娼婦』で状況劇場を旗揚げした。学生時代に唐はサルトルの大きな影響を受けていた。64年に初戯曲『23時54分「塔の下」行は竹早町の駄菓子屋の前で待っている』を上演、同年の第二作『渦巻は壁の中をゆく』以後は作と演出を兼ね始めた。67年に東京・新宿の花園(はなぞの)神社境内に紅テントをたてて『腰巻お仙・義理人情いろはにほへと篇(へん)』を上演し、やがて寺山修司の天井桟敷とともにアングラとよばれた前衛演劇の代表的な存在になった。68年に演劇論「特権的肉体論」を収載する戯曲集『腰巻お仙』を初刊行したが、俳優の身体を独特の視点で凝視したこの演劇論は、後続世代に強い影響を及ぼした。70年に『少女仮面』で岸田戯曲賞を受賞して存在を確たるものにすると同時に、『吸血姫』（1971）、『二都物語』（1972）、『唐版　風の又三郎』（1974）といった唐の戦後論ともいうべき、現在と過去を交錯させる華麗で強靭(きょうじん)なロマン劇を発表して既成の演劇界に揺さぶりをかける。一方、72年に戒厳令下の韓国・ソウルでゲリラ的に『二都物語』を、73年に『ベンガルの虎』をバングラデシュで、74年に『アラブ版　風の又三郎』を中東地域で上演したりというように、わが国では圧倒的多数の欧米志向の演劇人とはまるで異なる行動力を発揮した。82年に『佐川君からの手紙』で芥川(あくたがわ)賞を受賞して活躍の場を広げる。88年に状況劇場を解散して唐組を結成、『さすらいのジョニー』で旗揚げして現在に至るまで、例外を除き一貫して紅テント公演を続けている。なお、97年（平成9）に横浜国立大学の教授に就任。

［大笹吉雄］

『『腰巻お仙』（1968・現代思潮社）』▽『『唐十郎全作品集』第1～6巻（1979～80・冬樹社）』▽『『唐十郎第一エッセイ集　風に毒舌』『唐十郎第二エッセイ集　豹の眼』（1979～80・毎日新聞社）』▽『『さすらいのジョニー』（1988・福武書店）』▽『『少女仮面・唐版　風の又三郎』（1997・白水社）』▽『『特権的肉体論』（1997・白水社）』▽『『秘密の花園』（1998・沖積舎）』▽『『佐川君からの手紙』（河出文庫）』▽『山口猛著『同時代人としての唐十郎』（1980・三一書房）』▽『唐十郎著、扇田昭彦解説『人間図書館　唐十郎――わが青春放浪記』（1994・日本図書センター）』▽『堀切直人著『唐十郎ギャラクシー』（1998・青弓社）』

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