A philosophical theory that all knowledge originates from the senses. It is a type of empiricism. In psychology, it is close to the theory of association of ideas, as all mental content can be reduced to the senses. In epistemology, it opposes metaphysical positions, arguing that knowledge of the world can be analyzed into knowledge of the relationships between the senses, and that this analysis explains the meaning of knowledge of the world. Sensationalist thinking developed especially in modern times, but its origins can be seen in ancient Greek philosophy, Protagoras, Aristotle, Epicurus, and others, and was inherited by medieval scholastic philosophers such as Thomas Aquinas and W. Ockham, and further flourished in early modern British empiricism, such as F. Bacon, T. Hobbes, J. Locke, G. Berkeley, D. Hume, J. S. Mill, and E. Condillac, where it continues to this day. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
あらゆる認識は感覚に由来するとする哲学理論。経験論の一種。心理学的には,あらゆる精神内容は感覚に還元できるとし,観念連合論に近い。認識論的には,世界についての認識は感覚相互間の関係についての認識に分析でき,またこの分析こそ世界の認識の意味を説明するものであるとして,形而上学的立場に反対する。感覚論的思考は特に近代に発展したが,その萌芽は古代ギリシア哲学,プロタゴラス,アリストテレス,エピクロスなどにみられ,トマス・アクィナス,W.オッカムなどの中世スコラ哲学のなかに受継がれ,さらに近世の F.ベーコン,T.ホッブズ,J.ロック,G.バークリー,D.ヒューム,J.S.ミル,E.コンディヤックなど,主としてイギリス経験論に開花し今日に及んでいる。
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