Also called probability density or density function. If the probability that a random variable X takes a value within the interval [ a , b ] is Pr( a < X < b ), and this is expressed as a definite integral of a function f ( x ) in the interval [ a , b ], then the function f ( x ) is called the probability density function of the distribution of X. A similar definition can be used when there are two random variables. If the random variables are X1 and X2 , and for any a , b , c , d , the probability that X1 and X2 take values within these intervals is Pr( a < X1 < b , c < X2 < d ) , then when this probability is expressed as the product of a function f(x1, x2) within this interval, then f(x1 , x2 ) is called the probability density function of the composite distribution ( x1 , x2 ) . Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
確率密度あるいは密度関数ともいう。確率変数 X が,区間 [a,b] 内の値をとる確率を Pr(a<X<b) とするとき,これが,ある関数 f(x) の区間[ a ,b ]での定積分で表わされれば,このときの関数 f(x) を X の分布の確率密度関数という。確率変数が2つの場合も同様に定義できる。確率変数を X1 ,X2 とするとき,任意の a ,b ,c ,d に関して,X1 ,X2 がそれぞれこれらの区間内の値をとる確率を Pr(a<X1<b,c<X2<d) がある関数 f(x1,x2) の,この区間内での重積で表わされるとき,f(x1,x2) を複合分布 (x1,x2) の確率密度関数という。
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