Territorial church - Landeskirche [Germany]

Japanese: 領邦教会 - りょうほうきょうかい（英語表記）Landeskirche[ドイツ]

An ecclesiastical system that emerged in the German feudal states as a result of the Reformation. German feudal lords had exercised control over the church through the right to appoint bishops and protect churches since the late Middle Ages, but Lutheran feudal lords appointed one bishop per diocese from 1527 onwards, introduced a system of church inspectors, and gave these church inspectors the power to appoint and dismiss pastors. The synod, first established in the Electorate of Saxony in 1542, merely inherited the judicial functions that had previously been held by the Catholic Church, but gradually, as in the case of the synod established in Württemberg in 1553, it gained supervisory and disciplinary powers over the clergy and played a central role in church management, becoming an important characteristic of the feudal church.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

宗教改革の結果ドイツの領邦国家に生まれた教会制度。ドイツの領邦君主は中世後期から司教任命権や教会保護権を通じて教会への支配権を行使していたが，ルター派の領邦君主は1527年以降司教区ごとに1名の監督を任命し，彼らによる教会巡察制度を導入し，牧師任免の権限をこれらの教会巡察官に与えた。42年最初にザクセン選帝侯領に設置された宗務局は，従来のカトリック教会がもっていた裁判機能を継承したにすぎなかったが，53年ビュルテンベルクに設けられた宗務局の場合のように，しだいに聖職者に対する監督権や懲戒権をもち，教会管理の中心的な機能を果たすようになり，領邦教会の重要な特徴をなした。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

<<: Territorial state - Territorialstaat (German)

>>: Mausoleum - Ryobo