Transfer of learning

Japanese: 学習の転移 - がくしゅうのてんい（英語表記）transfer of learning

A psychological term. The influence of previous learning on later learning. Also called transfer of learning. When previous learning promotes later learning, it is called positive transfer of learning, and when it inhibits it, it is called negative transfer of learning. In Europe, emphasis has long been placed on subjects such as Greek and Latin that are not very practical, and the formal cultivation theory has been adopted, which claims that studying these subjects promotes general intellectual ability, but the issue of transfer of learning is said to originate from a debate over the merits of this assertion. Experimental studies have revealed that transfer of learning is influenced by general factors such as the similarity between the learning materials given before and after, the similarity of the responses required for learning, and the attitude towards learning.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

心理学用語。以前に行われた学習がのちの学習に影響を及ぼすこと。学習の移行 (波及) ともいう。前の学習によりのちの学習が促進される場合を正の学習転移，阻害される場合を負の学習転移という。ヨーロッパでは古くからあまり実用的でないギリシア語やラテン語などの課目が重視され，これらの課目を学ぶことにより一般的な知的能力が促進されるとする形式陶冶説がとられてきたが，学習の転移の問題はこの主張の是非の議論に由来するといわれる。実験的な検討により，学習転移には前後して与えられる学習材料間の類似性，学習に要する反応の類似性，あるいは学習の構えなどの一般的要因が影響することが明らかにされている。

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