Martin, George

Japanese: マルティン - Ｍａｒｔｉｎ，Ｇｅｏｒｇ

Years of birth: unknown. A foreign employee who came to Japan during the Meiji period. A German botanist and pharmacologist. In January 1874 (Meiji 7), he was hired as a member of staff at the Yokohama Reagent Laboratory (the former name of the Pharmaceutical Laboratory), working within the Ministry of Education's Medical Affairs Bureau, but due to a change in plans he was transferred to the Tokyo Pharmaceutical Laboratory (temporary building in Nihonbashi), and in August of the same year, the main building was completed on the grounds of Tokyo Medical School (Kanda Izumicho) and he moved there. In November of the same year, a pharmaceutical department classroom was added to the Pharmaceutical Laboratory, and he accepted and instructed students from the Pharmaceutical Department of Tokyo Medical School. In September 1876, he became professor of botany in the Pharmaceutical Department of Tokyo Medical School (renamed in 1881 and became professor at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Tokyo's Faculty of Medicine), but was fired after 12 years. The Tokyo Pharmaceutical Laboratory began analyzing mineral springs in 1874, but the first on-site mineral spring testing was carried out when Martin and others went on a business trip to Ashigara Prefecture (Kanagawa Prefecture).

(Yoji Nagatoya)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

生年：生没年不詳
明治期に来日したお雇い外国人。ドイツ人植物学・製薬学者。明治7(1874)年1月横浜試薬場(司薬場の旧名)要員として雇用され,文部省医務局内で執務していたが,計画変更で東京司薬場(日本橋仮庁舎)勤務となり,同年8月には東京医学校(神田和泉町)構内に本庁舎が落成し,移転。同年11月には同司薬場に製薬学科教場が付設され,東京医学校製薬学科学生を受け入れて指導に当たる。9年9月より東京医学校製薬学科植物学教授(10年改称して東大医学部製薬本科教授)となるも12年満期解雇。東京司薬場では7年から鉱泉分析を開始するが,マルティンらの足柄県(神奈川県)での出張が鉱泉出張試験のはじめである。

(長門谷洋治)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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