Looking Back - Looking Back

Japanese: 《顧みれば》 - かえりみれば

…He studied law but entered journalism, and also wrote romantic novels. His utopian novel, Looking Backward (1888), in which industry is nationalized and the people are guaranteed a prosperous life, resonated with Americans because it emphasized nationalism over socialism. Nationalist clubs dedicated to this ideal were formed all over the country, and the novel was introduced to Japan during the Meiji period. His sequel, Equality (1897), responded to questions about his previous work. …

From Utopia

...The most optimistic works came out in the second half of the century, and were envisioned as an extension of the present, thanks to the development of technology and social institutions, and depicted a prosperous society in the near future that was free from poverty, overwork, famine, and depression. E. Bellamy's Looking Back (1888) and T. Hertzka's Land of the Free (1890) were met with enthusiasm, especially in America. The second was created under the influence of Romanticism, and in contrast to the first, it hated advanced technological civilization and, against the backdrop of pre-industrial society, sought an ideal society based on harmony and cooperation, a return to nature, and the restoration of humanity. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Looking back" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…法律を学んだがジャーナリズムに入り，一方ロマンティックな小説を書く。産業が国有化され国民の豊かな生活を保障するユートピア小説《顧みれば》(1888)は，社会主義よりもナショナリズムを強調したためアメリカ人の共感を得，各地にその理想を目ざすナショナリスト･クラブの誕生をみ，日本にも明治年間に紹介された。続編《平等》(1897)は前作に対する疑問に答えたものである。…

【ユートピア】より

…最も楽観的なものは，世紀の後半に続出し，技術と社会機構の発展によって現在の延長上に構想され，貧困，過重労働，凶作，不況から免れた豊かな社会が近い未来に描かれた。E.ベラミー《顧みれば》(1888)，T.ヘルツカ《自由の地》(1890)は，ことにアメリカで熱狂をもってむかえられた。　第2は，ロマン主義の影響のもとに成立したものであり，第1とは逆に高度な技術文明を嫌悪し，前産業化社会を背景として調和と協働，自然への回帰と人間性の回復を基調とする理想社会をもとめた。…

※「《顧みれば》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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