An amino acid. A basic amino acid. L-ornithine is found in a wide range of free forms in animals, plants, and microorganisms, but is not found as a component of proteins. It is present in the peptide antibiotics tyrocidine and gramicidin. In the metabolism of higher animals, it plays an important role as a member of the urea cycle, producing urea from amino groups or ammonia and excreting it from the body. That is, urea and ornithine are produced from arginine by the action of arginase, and arginine is regenerated via citrulline. It can also be converted to glutamic acid and proline in the body. D-ornithine is present in the peptide antibiotics gramicidin and bacitracin. Its chemical formula is NH 2 (CH 2 ) 3 CH(NH 2 )COOH, with a molecular weight of 132.17. Its melting point is 140°C. It is easily soluble in water. [Chie Furuhata] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アミノ酸の一つ。塩基性アミノ酸。L-オルニチンは遊離状で広く動物、植物、微生物にみいだされるが、タンパク質の構成成分としてはみいだされず、ペプチド抗生物質のチロシジン、グラミシジンに存在する。高等動物の生体内代謝では、尿素回路の一員として、アミノ基あるいはアンモニアから尿素を生成して体外へ排出する経路で重要な役割を果たしている。すなわちアルギニンからアルギナーゼの働きで尿素とオルニチンが生成され、シトルリンを経て、アルギニンを再生する。また生体内でグルタミン酸、プロリンと相互に変わりうる。D-オルニチンはペプチド抗生物質グラミシジン、バシトラシンに存在する。化学式はNH2(CH2)3CH(NH2)COOHで分子量132.17。融点140℃。水に溶けやすい。 [降旗千恵] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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