Opera Seria

Japanese: オペラ・セーリア - おぺらせーりあ
Opera Seria

…Opera was then taken over by the Mantua court (such as Monteverdi's Orfeo), and after the construction of a public theater in Venice in 1637, it flourished as a civic art in the city, Rome, and then Naples. In the first half of the 18th century in Naples, opera as a modern comedy was established and developed alongside the traditional mythological and historical dramas, the former of which came to be called opera seria (meaning serious opera) and the latter opera buffa (meaning frivolous opera). During this period, many cantatas, which were structured similarly to the solo scenes in operas, and serenades, which could be considered operas with only one scene, were also produced. …

From [Opera]

… Secondly, from the viewpoint of social background, Kabuki originated as an art for townspeople, whereas opera was an aristocratic art from its inception. The Italian opera seria (serious opera) and the French tragedie lyrique (lyric tragedy) that followed in its footsteps developed in association with the upper and ruling classes of society, while maintaining a high level of formal beauty in the height of classical elegance. In contrast, from the 18th century onwards, opera buffa (meaning clown opera) in Italy, opéra comique (comic opera, later meaning opera with dialogue) in France, ballad opera (popular opera) in England, and Singspiel (musical drama) in Germany, types of opera with a stronger popular character emerged, but what they all had in common was a spirit of parody and a reaction against the aristocracy and formal style of serious opera and lyric tragedy. …

From [Baroque Music]

...When these forms were first established (such as Monteverdi's opera and Giacomo Carissimi's oratorio (1605-74)), the structure of the scenes was very fluid, but from the end of the 17th century to the 18th century, a form that regularly alternated aria and recitative gradually became dominant (Allessandro Stradella (1644-82) and A. Scarlatti). In the field of opera, in the 18th century, comic operas containing comic elements arose in each country (such as opera buffa in Italy, opera comique in France, Singspiel in Germany, and ballad opera in England) in contrast to the high-class opera seria with tragic themes. On the other hand, the oratorio, while influenced by opera, developed into a form that emphasized the chorus to express elevated religious feelings (Handel). ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Opera Seria" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その後オペラは,マントバの宮廷に引き継がれ(モンテベルディ作曲《オルフェオ》など),1637年にベネチアに公開劇場が作られてからは,同市やローマ,次いでナポリなどで,市民の芸術として隆盛をきわめた。18世紀前半のナポリでは,従来のような神話劇,歴史劇としてのオペラのかたわらに,現代喜劇としてのオペラが成立して発展し,前者はオペラ・セーリア(重厚なオペラの意),後者はオペラ・ブッファ(ふざけたオペラの意)と呼ばれるようになった。 またこの時代には,オペラの独唱場面に近いような構成のカンタータや,1場景だけのオペラともいえるセレナータなども多く作られた。…

【オペラ】より

… 第2に,社会的な背景から眺めた場合,歌舞伎はそもそも町人の芸術として興ったが,オペラは発生の時点からして貴族的な芸術であった。その流れを汲むイタリアのオペラ・セーリアopera seria(正歌劇)やフランスのトラジェディ・リリックtragédie lyrique(抒情悲劇)は,古典的な格調の高さにおいて高度の様式美を維持しながら,社会の上層部,支配階級と結びついて発展した。18世紀以降は,これに対して,イタリアではオペラ・ブッファopera buffa(道化オペラの意),フランスではオペラ・コミックopéra comique(喜歌劇,のちにはせりふを含むオペラを意味する),イギリスではバラッド・オペラballad opera(俗謡オペラ),ドイツではジングシュピールSingspiel(歌芝居)など,より庶民的な性格の強いオペラのタイプが興ったが,それらに共通するのは,正歌劇や抒情悲劇の貴族性と形式ばった様式に対する反動とパロディの精神であった。…

【バロック音楽】より

…これらの形式は成立当初は(オペラのモンテベルディ,オラトリオのカリッシミGiacomo Carissimi(1605‐74)ら),場面の構成がきわめて流動的であったが,17世紀末から18世紀にかけてはアリアとレチタティーボを規則的に交替させる形式がしだいに支配的となった(ストラデラAllessandro Stradella(1644‐82),A.スカルラッティ)。オペラの分野では,18世紀に入ると,悲劇的な題材をもつ格調の高いオペラ・セーリアに対して,笑劇的な要素を含む喜歌劇がそれぞれの国に興った(イタリアのオペラ・ブッファ,フランスのオペラ・コミック,ドイツのジングシュピール,イギリスのバラッド・オペラなど)。他方オラトリオは,オペラの影響を受けながらも,高揚した宗教的感情を表現するために合唱を重視する形式へと育っていった(ヘンデル)。…

※「オペラ・セーリア」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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