Off-balance transactions - Off-balance transactions

Japanese: オフバランス取引 - おふばらんすとりひき(英語表記)off balanced transactions
Off-balance transactions - Off-balance transactions
Transactions that are not recorded on the balance sheet. Because there are no standards for processing, they are assets and liabilities held by a company that should be recorded on the balance sheet but are not. The original meaning of off-balance sheet is that they are off the balance sheet. Bill discounting, guarantee obligations, and lease transactions were previously recognized as off-balance sheet transactions, but since the 1980s, new financial instruments based on derivatives such as futures, options, and swaps, which companies have been actively using, have been off-balance sheet transactions because they are unexecuted contracts. Considering the impact on corporate management of the risk burden of new financial instruments that do not appear on the balance sheet due to off-balance sheet transactions, studies have been conducted, and the accounting standards and consolidation standards for financial instruments and lease transactions are being significantly improved and revised. New accounting standards, including the lease accounting standards that have been applied since the fiscal year ending March 1995, are representative examples of this response.

(Akihiro Koyama, Professor, Gakushuin University / 2008)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:
貸借対照表(バランスシート)上に計上されない取引。処理基準がないことから、企業が保有する資産・負債であり、本来、貸借対照表に計上されるべきなのに計上されない取引のこと。オフバランスの本来の意味は貸借対照表から外れている(オフ)ということである。手形割引、保証債務やリース取引などは従来、オフバランスとして認識されていたが、1980年代ごろから企業が積極的に利用するようになった先物取引、オプション、スワップなどのデリバティブによる新金融商品が未履行契約であるということからオフバランス化し注目された。オフバランス化で貸借対照表に現れない新金融商品が持つリスクの負担が企業経営に及ぼす影響を考慮して、検討がなされ、金融商品やリース取引の会計基準・連結基準などの整備や改訂が大幅に行われつつある。95年3月期から適用されているリース会計基準を始めとする新しい会計基準は、その対応の代表といえる。

(小山明宏 学習院大学教授 / 2008年)

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