Abeno

The northern part of Abeno Ward in the southern part of Osaka City. It is also written as Abeno. It is located on the Uemachi Plateau of alluvial deposits, about 10 meters above sea level. The Abeno Kaido, which runs along the ridge of the plateau, corresponds to the Kumano Kaido in the Middle Ages and was important as a route connecting Naniwa (Osaka) and Kii Kumano, and there are many legendary places and historical sites along the road. Among them, Matsumushizuka, Komachizuka, Harimazuka, Abeno Oji Shrine, Abeno Seimei Shrine, and Abeno Shrine, which enshrines Kitabatake Chikafusa and Akiie, are famous. Until the early Meiji period, the area was farmland in the southern suburbs of Osaka, and buckwheat cultivation was popular in the area. In 1889 (Meiji 22), the Osaka Railway (now the JR Kansai Main Line) was opened, and Tennoji Station was established on the border with Tennoji Ward to the north. In 1900 (Meiji 33), the Osaka Horse-drawn Railway (electrified in 1910, now the Hankai Electric Tramway Uemachi Line) was laid on the plateau from the station, and housing development along the line progressed, making it a representative residential area of ​​the city. Furthermore, in 1923 (Taisho 12), the current Osaka-Abenobashi Station was established as the terminal of the Osaka Railway (now the Kintetsu Railway Minami Osaka Line), and together with JR Tennoji Station, it became the gateway to the southern part of Osaka City. Abeno Station on the Osaka Municipal Subway Tanimachi Line is also located here, and the surrounding area forms a terminal shopping district, forming a secondary city center.

[Juichi Inoki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

大阪市南部、阿倍野区の北部地域。阿部野とも書く。洪積層の上町(うえまち)台地上にあり、標高約10メートル程度。台地の稜線(りょうせん)沿いに通る阿倍野街道は、中世の熊野街道に該当し、難波(なにわ)（大阪）と紀伊熊野を結ぶ通路として重視され、沿道には伝説地や史跡が多い。なかでも松虫(まつむし)塚、小町(こまち)塚、播磨(はりま)塚や阿倍王子神社、安倍晴明神社(あべのせいめいじんじゃ)、北畠親房(きたばたけちかふさ)・顕家(あきいえ)を祀(まつ)る阿部野神社は有名。明治初期までは大阪南郊の農地で、一帯はソバの栽培が盛んであった。1889年（明治22）大阪鉄道（現、JR関西本線）が通じ、北部の天王寺区との区境に天王寺駅が設けられ、1900年（明治33年）大阪馬車鉄道（1910年電化。現、阪堺(はんかい)電気軌道上町線(うえまちせん)）が同駅から台地上に敷設されてから、沿線の住宅開発が進み、市の代表的住宅地となった。さらに1923年（大正12）大阪鉄道（現、近畿日本鉄道南大阪線）のターミナルとして現在の大阪阿部野橋駅が設けられ、JR天王寺駅とともに大阪市南部の玄関口となった。大阪市高速電気軌道（地下鉄）谷町線(たにまちせん)の阿倍野駅もあり、付近一帯はターミナル商店街をなし、副都心を形成している。

［位野木壽一］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例