There are orthoperiodic acid, H 5 IO 6 , and periodic acid, HIO 4 (also called metaperiodic acid). Both are colorless, hygroscopic compounds, and there exists an equilibrium between the two: H 5 IO 6 ⇄H + +IO 4 - +2H 2 O. For this reason, H 5 IO 6 has the properties of a relatively weak acid. The acid dissociation equilibrium is complex, and the following values are known as the equilibrium constants: H 5 IO 6 ⇄H + +H 4 IO 6 - , K 1 = 5.1 x 10 -4 mol/dm3 H 4 IO 6 - ⇄H + +H 3 IO 6 2- , K 2 = 2.0 x 10 -7 mol/dm3 H 4 IO 6 - ⇄IO 4 - +2H 2 O, K 2 ' = 2.5 x 10 -2 mol/dm3 (HIO 4 +H 5 IO 6 ) ⇄2H + +(IO 4 - +H 4 IO 6 - ), K 1 ' = 6.3 x 10 -3 mol/dm3Periodic acid is obtained by heating orthoperiodic acid to 100°C under reduced pressure (≌12 mmHg). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
オルト過ヨウ素酸H5IO6と過ヨウ素酸HIO4(メタ過ヨウ素酸ともいう)がある。いずれも無色,吸湿性の化合物で,両者の間には H5IO6⇄H++IO4-+2H2Oの平衡が成り立っている。そのためにH5IO6は比較的弱い酸の性質をもつ。酸解離平衡は複雑で,平衡定数としてはつぎのような値が知られている。 H5IO6⇄H++H4IO6-,K1=5.1×10-4mol/dm3 H4IO6-⇄H++H3IO62-,K2=2.0×10-7mol/dm3 H4IO6-⇄IO4-+2H2O,K2′=2.5×10-2mol/dm3 (HIO4+H5IO6)⇄2H++(IO4-+H4IO6-),K1′=6.3×10-3mol/dm3過ヨウ素酸はオルト過ヨウ素酸を減圧(≌12mmHg)下,100℃に加熱して得られる。
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