Osmanl - Osmanl

Japanese: オスマンル - おすまんる
Osmanl - Osmanl

...Using their political positions and close ties with the Sultan, they accumulated enormous wealth, which they used to build waqf facilities and invest in commerce. Having mastered Islamic learning and Persian literature and art, they were also intellectual elites who prided themselves on being Ottoman gentlemen (Osmanlı). On the other hand, the majority of children conscripted by the Deşirme became Janissaries or sipah (royal cavalry), and the former in particular had a deep connection with the mystical order Bektash since its founding, and gained a great political voice through the practice of expressing dissatisfaction with the Sultan by bringing cooking pots to the Meat Square (Et Meydanı) in front of the barracks.

From the Ottoman Empire


[Society, Economy, Culture]
The social hierarchy of the empire consisted of the askerı (further divided into military officers (ehl-i seyfiyye) and civil servants (ehl-i kalemiyye)), consisting of soldiers, bureaucrats, the ulama class, their families, relatives, and slaves, and the reaya (small merchants, artisans, and nomads, not including the distinction between Muslims and non-Muslims), and the idea of ​​a hierarchy was that "the son of a reaya is a reaya." The ruling elite, who studied Islamic sciences, loved Persian literature, and considered themselves "Ottoman gentlemen (Osmanlı)," spoke Ottoman Turkish, embellished with Arabic and Persian, and called the simple colloquial language of the people "rough Turkish, kaba türkçe." To them, "Turk" meant country folk and uneducated people.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Osmanlı" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その政治的立場やスルタンとの親密な関係を利用して莫大な富を蓄え,それによってワクフ諸施設を建設したり,商業に投資をした。イスラムの諸学問を修め,ペルシア文学や芸術を身につけた彼らは,〈オスマン紳士(オスマンルOsmanlı)〉を自負する知的エリートでもあった。一方,デウシルメによって徴用された子どもたちの大多数はイエニチェリやシパーフsipah(近衛騎兵)となったが,とくに前者は,その創設以来神秘主義教団ベクターシュと深い関係をもち,また兵営前の〈肉の広場Et Meydanı〉に料理用の大なべを持ち出すことによってスルタンに対する不満の意思表示をする慣行を通じて,政治的に大きな発言力を獲得した。…

【オスマン帝国】より


[社会,経済,文化]
 帝国の社会的身分秩序は,軍人,官僚,ウラマー層およびその家族,親族,奴隷からなるアスケリーaskerı(さらに武官ehl‐i seyfiyyeと文官ehl‐i kalemiyyeとに分けられる)と生産者大衆レアーヤーreaya(小商工民,農民,遊牧民を指し,ムスリムと非ムスリムの区別を含まない)とからなり,〈レアーヤーの子はレアーヤーである〉という身分秩序観念があった。そして,イスラムの諸学問を修め,ペルシア文学を愛好し,みずから〈オスマン紳士(オスマンルOsmanlı)〉を自認する支配エリートは,アラビア語,ペルシア語に粉飾されたオスマン・トルコ語を話し,民衆の素朴な口語を〈粗野なトルコ語kaba türkçe〉とよんだ。彼らにとって〈トルコ人〉とは田舎者,無教養な者を意味した。…

※「オスマンル」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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