A large bay in the northeastern Indian Ocean. It is surrounded by Myanmar (Burma) and the Indian Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the east, Bangladesh to the north, India to the west, and Ceylon at its southwestern tip. Its area is 2.2 million square kilometers. The seabed is relatively monotonous, with the 90th Degree East Ridge creating a linear rise from north to south in the east, and a flat surface called the Ganges Deep Sea Fan, 1,500 to 4,000 meters deep, spreading out. Off the coast of the Ganges Delta at the innermost part of the bay, the 100-meter isobath extends for about 220 kilometers, and submerged valleys where former land water systems have sunk can be seen. Tropical cyclones occur frequently in summer, and the northeastern coast is often damaged. Maritime trade has been active since ancient times, and the bay is home to ports such as Kolkata (Calcutta) and Chennai (Madras) in India, and Chittagong in Bangladesh. [Takashi Nakata] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インド洋北東部にある大湾。東はミャンマー(ビルマ)とインド領のアンダマン諸島、ニコバル諸島、北はバングラデシュ、西はインドに囲まれ、南西端にセイロン島が位置する。面積220万平方キロメートル。海底は比較的単調で、東部に東経九十度海嶺(かいれい)が南北に直線的な高まりをつくるほかは、ガンジス深海扇状地とよばれる深さ1500~4000メートルの平坦(へいたん)面が広がる。湾奥のガンジス・デルタの沖では100メートル等深線が220キロメートルほど張り出し、かつての陸上水系が沈降した沈水谷がみられる。夏には熱帯低気圧が多く発生し、北東部の沿岸はしばしば被害を受ける。古くから海上貿易が盛んで、湾岸にはインドのコルカタ(カルカッタ)、チェンナイ(マドラス)、バングラデシュのチッタゴンなどの港がある。 [中田 高] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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