Austemper (English spelling)

Japanese: オーステンパー（英語表記）austemper

This is a heat treatment to obtain steel with a bainite structure. When carbon steel is heated to the austenite region and then quenched in water or oil, a temperature difference occurs between the inside and outside of the steel, and there is a time lag in the transformation to martensite, which can lead to cracking and deformation. To prevent this, the steel is quenched in a hot bath of about 200 to 500°C and held for a sufficient time as indicated by the S-curve, resulting in a bainite structure that is slightly softer than martensite but has good viscous toughness. For large items, the cooling of the inside is slow, making it impossible to prevent the precipitation of pearlite, and the entire surface does not become a bainite structure, so its application is limited to small items. Cast iron toughened by austempering is called ADI (autotempered ductile iron).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ベイナイト組織の鋼を得るための熱処理をいう。炭素鋼をオーステナイト域に加熱し，水または油中に急冷すると鋼材の内部と外部で温度差を生じ，マルテンサイト化に時間差ができるので，焼割れや変形などの危険がある。これを防ぐため，200～500℃程度の熱浴に焼入れてS曲線の示す十分な時間保持をすると，マルテンサイトよりやや軟らかいが粘靭性に富むベイナイト組織になる。大型物では内部の冷却が遅くなってパーライトの析出が阻止できず，全面ベイナイト組織にならないので，適用は小型物に限られる。オーステンパーにより強靭化した鋳鉄を ADI(autotempered ductile iron)と呼ぶ。

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