Columnar Liquid Crystal - Enchuujo Ekisho

Japanese: 円柱状液晶 - えんちゅうじょうえきしょう
Columnar Liquid Crystal - Enchuujo Ekisho

...The thickness (pitch) of the layers rotated exactly 360 degrees is usually about the wavelength of visible light (400 to 800 nm), so it diffracts white light well and shows beautiful interference colors. Discotic liquid crystals are also called columnar liquid crystals because the disks overlap to form a cylinder, as shown in Figure e. In general, when the temperature of thermotropic liquid crystals is increased from a low temperature, they undergo a phase transition in the following order: crystal → smectic (or cholesteric) → nematic → isotropic liquid. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "columnar liquid crystal" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ちょうど360度回転した層までの厚さ(ピッチ)は,通常,可視光の波長(400~800nm)くらいであるため,白色光をよく回折し美しい干渉色を示す。ディスコティック液晶は図のeに示したように,円板が重なって円柱状になることから,円柱状(カラムナー)液晶とも呼ばれている。 一般に,サーモトロピック液晶では低温から温度を上げていくと,結晶→スメクティック(またはコレステリック)→ネマティック→等方性液体と順次相転移を起こす。…

※「円柱状液晶」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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