A unit used in genetics. It is part of the structure of transfer RNA (transfer RNA) that is active in protein synthesis, and is the part that identifies codons, the units of genetic code, and consists of three adjacent nucleotides. During protein synthesis, it forms a complementary base pair with the codon of messenger RNA on the ribosome, and binds the amino acid specified by the codon to the protein chain. For example, in transfer RNA that carries the amino acid serine, the base sequence UCG is the anticodon, and this part identifies the codon AGC, which is the genetic code for serine, and binds serine to this position to create the protein chain. [Tatsuo Ishikawa] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
遺伝学で用いられる単位の一つ。タンパク質合成に働く転移RNA(運搬RNA)の構造の一部であり、遺伝暗号の単位であるコドンを識別する部分で、三つの隣接したヌクレオチドからなる。タンパク質合成のとき、リボゾーム上でメッセンジャーRNA(伝令RNA)のコドンと相補的な塩基対をつくり、コドンの指定するアミノ酸をタンパク質鎖に結合する。たとえば、アミノ酸の一種のセリンを運ぶ運搬RNAではUCGという塩基配列がアンチコドンであり、この部分がセリンの遺伝暗号であるコドンAGCを識別し、この位置にセリンを結合させ、タンパク質鎖をつくる。 [石川辰夫] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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