Cylindrical Coordinates - Enchu Zahyo

Japanese: 円柱座標 - えんちゅうざひょう
Cylindrical Coordinates - Enchu Zahyo

A type of coordinate system in three-dimensional space that combines polar coordinates on a plane and coordinates in the normal direction of that plane ( see figure ). In other words, if (x,y,z) are Cartesian coordinates and (r,θ) is the polar coordinate on the xy plane, then (r,θ,z) is the cylindrical coordinate. Between cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) and Cartesian coordinates (x,y,z),

This is a convenient coordinate system for describing rotating bodies. The part of space excluding the z-axis and {(r,θ,z)|0<r,0≦θ<2π}
Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between the two, strictly speaking cylindrical coordinates are not a coordinate system for the entire space, but a coordinate system for the part of the space excluding one straight line.

[Koichi Ogiue]

Cylindrical coordinates (diagram)
©Shogakukan ">

Cylindrical coordinates (diagram)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

三次元空間における座標系の一種で、平面上の極座標とその平面の法線方向の座標とを組み合わせたもの()。すなわち(x,y,z)を直交座標とし、xy平面上の極座標を(r,θ)とするとき(r,θ,z)が円柱座標である。円柱座標(r,θ,z)と直交座標(x,y,z)との間には

という関係がある。回転体などを記述するのに便利な座標系である。空間からz軸を除いた部分と
{(r,θ,z)|0<r,0≦θ<2π}
とが1対1に対応するから厳密には円柱座標は空間全体の座標系ではなく、空間から1直線を除いた部分における座標系である。

[荻上紘一]

円柱座標〔図〕
©Shogakukan">

円柱座標〔図〕


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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