It is a steroid compound found in yeast, ergot (the fungus body of Ergot parasitic to rye, etc.), and fungi such as shiitake mushrooms, and is also called ergosterol. It exists only in small amounts in animals and plants. It is soluble in chloroform and benzene, poorly soluble in alcohol and ether, and insoluble in water. When exposed to sunlight, it is isomerized by the action of ultraviolet rays to become vitamin D 2 (calciferol), so it is called provitamin D. Dehydrocholesterol, which is found in animal livers, especially cod liver oil, is also a type of provitamin D. Vitamin D is usually taken in the form of provitamin D from food, and it only works as vitamin D when exposed to ultraviolet rays such as sunbathing, promoting calcium metabolism and skeletal development. If the reaction caused by ultraviolet rays progresses too far, it becomes a physiologically ineffective substance. Ergosterol is difficult to absorb, so it is more effective to convert it to vitamin D 2 by exposure to ultraviolet rays before taking it. [Kikuchi Yoshihiko, Kanno Michihiro, and Koizumi Keiko] [References] | | | | | | | | |©Shogakukan "> Ergosterol Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
酵母や麦角(ばっかく)(ライムギなどに寄生するバッカクキンの菌体ergot)をはじめシイタケなどの菌類に含まれるステロイド化合物で、エルゴステリンともいう。動物や植物には少量しか存在しない。クロロホルム、ベンゼンに溶け、アルコール、エーテルに難溶で、水には不溶である。日光にさらすと紫外線の作用で異性化をおこしビタミンD2(カルシフェロール)となるので、プロビタミンDとよばれる。動物の肝臓、とくにタラの肝油に含まれるデヒドロコレステロールもプロビタミンDの一種である。ビタミンDは普通、プロビタミンDの型で食物から取り入れ、日光浴などで紫外線を浴びてはじめてビタミンDとして働き、カルシウムの代謝や骨格の発達を促進する。紫外線による反応が進みすぎると生理的には無効な物質になってしまう。なおエルゴステロールは吸収されにくいのであらかじめ紫外線照射でビタミンD2に変えたのち摂取すると、より効果的である。 [菊池韶彦・菅野道廣・小泉惠子] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | |©Shogakukan"> エルゴステロール 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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