Emblemata - Emblemata

Japanese: エンブレマータ - えんぶれまーた
Emblemata - Emblemata

…The most famous example of this is the 13th-century allegory of love, The Romance of the Rose, and in the lavishly illuminated manuscripts (Bodleian Library) from the late 15th century known today, artists can be seen to have been inspired by the text when portraying the personifications of leisure, grace, tenderness, shame, and fear. On the other hand, the Emblemata, which we will discuss later, played a major role in influencing literature.
[History of allegorical expression]
(1) Middle Ages In the Middle Ages, allegories related to Christian morality became the norm.

From Greek Mythology

…Mythology was not completely rejected in the art of the Counter-Reformation, and allegorical interpretations of mythology were popular. Ripa's Iconologia, first published in 1593, was a collection of allegorical figures (emblemata) that matched pagan images with abstract concepts, and was widely used by artists. Mythological art was also popular in the 17th century, with Rubens, who had a rich classical education, and Poussin, who followed the classical forms he had learned from ancient art and from La Ferragamo, each depicting the stories of gods and heroes. …

From 【Image】

…Typical examples of such materials are the iconographic manuals that have existed since ancient times in both the East and the West, such as the Ritual Books in Buddhist art, the Iconographical Interpretations in Byzantine art, and the Emblemata (books on symbols) compiled in various formats from the Renaissance to the Baroque. There are also documents that were not originally compiled as iconographic manuals, but which suggest with a fair degree of certainty a one-to-one correspondence between images and their contents. …

From [Baroque Literature]

...Moreover, knowledge of the Bible, Latin and Greek classics, and even patristic theology are prerequisites, giving it the characteristics of "scholarly" literature. The crystallization of these elements is the unique genre of emblemata, which consists of three elements: an abstract title, a picture showing a scene or a setting, and an often epigrammatic description. On the other hand, the novels that have increased in number since the middle of the century also have aspects that correspond to the three styles of heroic/courtly novels, pastoral novels, villain novels, and satirical novels, but heroic novels in particular have encyclopedic content that brings together all the knowledge of the era, and combined with their expression, they truly show the true essence of elegant scholarly literature. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Emblemata" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…文学との関連でもっとも著名な例は,13世紀に書かれた愛の寓意詩《薔薇物語》で,今日知られている15世紀後半の豪華な彩飾写本(ボドリー図書館)を見ると,画家は閑暇,雅(みやび),優しさ,羞恥,恐れなどの擬人像を描くとき,テキストから啓発されていることがわかる。逆に文学への影響については後に述べる〈エンブレマータ〉が大きな役割を果たした。
[アレゴリー表現の歴史]
 (1)中世 中世においてはキリスト教道徳に関するアレゴリーが主体となる。…

【ギリシア神話】より

…反宗教改革期の美術においても神話は全面的に否定されることはなく,その寓意的解釈が流行した。1593年に初版の刊行されたリーパの《イコノロジア》は,異教的イメージに抽象概念を対応させた寓意図像集(エンブレマータ)で広く美術家の用に供された。17世紀にも神話美術は盛んで,ルーベンスは豊かな古典古代の教養をもって,プッサンは古代美術やラフェロに学んだ古典的形式に従って,それぞれ神々や英雄の物語を描いた。…

【図像】より

…このような資料の典型例として,洋の東西に古くから存する図像手引書がある。仏教美術における〈儀軌〉,ビザンティン美術における〈図像釈義Hermēneia〉,ルネサンスからバロックにかけて各種編纂された〈エンブレマータEmblemata(標章学書)〉等がそれである。また,本来図像手引書として編まれたものではないが,かなりの確実性をもって図像とその内容の一対一対応を示唆する文書がある。…

【バロック文学】より

…しかも聖書はもとよりラテンおよびギリシアの古典,さらに教父神学の知識すら前提となり,〈学識者〉文学の特徴をもつことになる。こうした諸要素の結晶が,抽象的な表題,情景や場面を示す絵,多くエピグラム風の説明の三要素からなるエンブレマータという特有なジャンルである。他方,世紀半ばより数を増した小説も,英雄・宮廷小説,牧人小説,悪者小説および風刺小説と三文体に対応する面をもっているが,ことに英雄小説は時代のあらゆる知識を集成した百科全書的な内容をもち,その表現と相まってまさに典雅な学識文学の真骨頂を示す。…

※「エンブレマータ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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