…After the 18th century, as Mediterranean trade between the Ottoman Empire and Western European countries expanded, the trading port of Izmir on the eastern coast of the Aegean Sea rose to prominence, and cotton, grains, fruits, and livestock products from the hinterland of Western Anatolia were shipped to Izmir by camel caravans. In each region along the caravan route, the Zeybeks, who gathered under leaders called efe, demanded a kind of toll in exchange for guaranteeing the safety of the passage. They were known for their manliness, chivalry, and unique costumes and dances. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Efe" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…18世紀以後,オスマン帝国と西ヨーロッパ諸国との間の地中海貿易が拡大すると,エーゲ海東岸の貿易港イズミルが勃興し,その後背地である西アナトリアの綿花,穀物,果実,畜産品などが,ラクダによる隊商によってイズミルに出荷された。この隊商路上に位置する各地方に,エフェefeとよばれる指導者たちのもとに結集したゼイベキたちは,通行の安全を保証する代りに,一種の通行税を要求した。彼らは,男らしさ,義俠的精神などによって,また,独特の衣装と舞踊とによって知られた。… ※「エフェ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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