...Also called antihistamines. Drugs that antagonize the effects of histamine, a biogenic amine. Histamine is released from its storage site in the body as a result of an antigen-antibody reaction during allergic diseases and inflammation, and is thought to be the cause of allergic symptoms such as smooth muscle contraction (especially bronchial smooth muscle contraction, which causes asthma) and increased vascular permeability (manifesting as edema, hives, rashes, rhinitis, etc.). There are many doubts about whether all allergic symptoms are caused by histamine, and there is a high possibility that other substances in the body are involved, but it is true that the above-mentioned symptoms can be alleviated quite well by antihistamines. *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "H2 action" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…抗ヒスタミン剤ともいう。生体内アミンの一つであるヒスタミンの作用に拮抗する薬物。ヒスタミンは,アレルギー性疾患や炎症の際に抗原抗体反応の結果として生体内貯蔵部位から遊離され,平滑筋の収縮(とくに気管支平滑筋が収縮すると喘息(ぜんそく)が生ずる)や血管透過性の亢進(水腫,蕁麻疹(じんましん),発疹,鼻炎などとなってあらわれる)などのアレルギー性症状の原因となっていると考えられる。アレルギー性症状のすべてがヒスタミンに起因すると考えるには疑問も多く,他の生体内物質の関与する可能性も高いが,上述の諸症状が抗ヒスタミン薬によってかなりよく緩和されることは事実である。… ※「H₂作用」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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