... Periodic table element symbol = Fr, atomic number = 87, electron configuration = [Rn]7s 1 , main oxidation number = I. One of the alkali metal elements in group IA of the periodic table. Attempts to concentrate and separate the heavy alkali metal element (atomic number 87), which should be placed below cesium as so-called ekacesium, from natural cesium compounds have been made for a long time, and names such as virginium, moldavium, and alkalinium have been given to it as successful discoveries of stable isotopes, but later research has shown that all of these are incorrect and have been rejected. In 1939, M. Perey (1909-75) of France confirmed that a purified sample of the 89th element, actinium, decayed by emitting alpha particles, and further confirmed that the decay product was a beta - emitter, which did not co-precipitate with sparingly soluble salts of barium(II), lead(II), or cerium(IV), but did coprecipitate well with sparingly soluble salts of cesium(I). Based on this property and the results of radioactivity measurements, he clarified the branched decay shown in the following formula, proving the existence of the 87th element. *Some of the terminology that mentions "ecacesium" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…周期表元素記号=Fr 原子番号=87電子配置=[Rn]7s1 おもな酸化数=I周期表第IA族に属するアルカリ金属元素の一つ。いわゆるエカセシウムekacesiumとしてセシウムの下に位置すべき重アルカリ金属元素(原子番号87)を天然のセシウム化合物から濃縮分離しようとする試みは古くから行われ,安定同位体の発見に成功したとして,バージニウムvirginium,モルダビウムmoldavium,アルカリニウムalkaliniumなどの名称が与えられたことがあるが,これらは後の研究によってすべて誤りであることが判明し,否定された。1939年フランスのプレーM.Perey(1909‐75)が,89番元素アクチニウムの精製試料について,α粒子の放出による崩壊を確かめ,さらにその崩壊生成物がβ-放射体であり,バリウム(II),鉛(II),セリウム(IV)の難溶性塩とは共沈しないが,セシウム(I)の難溶性塩とはよく共沈することを確認し,この性質と放射能測定の結果から下式のような分岐崩壊を明らかにして,87番元素の存在を証明した。… ※「エカセシウム」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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