Gate - Mon

Japanese: 門 - もん

[1] 〘 noun 〙① An entrance or exit on the exterior of a building. A corner. ※Ryo Gikai (718) Miyae: “Generally, _two gates are opened _{in one} place. When the first gate is opened, the drum beats. Then _the gates are opened _{in one} place.” ※Kakuhon: Gekijo Suigen Maku no Soto (1806) Vol. 1: “It is difficult to enter or exit through a gate.” 〔Riteki - Kyokurei Vol. 1〕② The smallest unit of the east-west division strip in the grid system of Heian-kyo. A block is divided into four equal parts in the east-west and north-south directions to create 16 squares, each of which is called a town. A town is divided into eight equal parts in the east-west division strip, which are called a gate. In the north-south direction, a town is divided into four equal parts, which are called a line. When the gate and line division strips are combined, 32 small sections are created in one block, which are called a henu (householder) and became the residential unit of a household. In a block of a gate, four householders are lined up from east to west. ※Kasugasha Kyu-ki, held by the Historiographical Institute - April 26, 1135 (4th year of the Chosho Era), Fujiwara family land sale certificate: "In the right capital, 8th section, 1st block, 13th block, within 4th block, east 4th row, north 12th 3rd, 4th 5th, 6th 8th block, east west 6th 10th cm, north south 30th cm." ③ A wooden gate at the boundary between towns. ※Ukiyo-zoshi, Kaisui (1687), 1: "When I saw the street attendant's name, I was careful and let him through the gate without warning." ④ It refers to the gate's entrance and exit restrictions, or the curfew. ※Sakehon, Tatsumi-no-sono (1770), "I'll just go home now, the gate is so noisy." ⑤ A place through which things must pass. A stage or trial that must be passed in order to reach a certain state or state. Also, a place where things are born. Used in a grammatical form, such as "the gate to success" or "the narrow gate." [Book of Changes - Jici, Vol. 1] ⑥ A house or facility that teaches academics or the arts. Refers to a school centered around a certain teacher, or a stream of academics or the arts that follows a single lineage. *Tosei Shosei Kajitsu (1885-86) (Tsubouchi Shoyo ) , vol. 4: "He entered the gate of a certain university, and did not fail to learn." [Mencius - Gaozi, Vol. 2] ⑦ A class in biological classification, lower than "kingdom" and above "class." The name of the highest class in each taxonomic group of animals and plants. "Phylum Vertebrata" and "Phylum Seed Plants." [Vocabulary of Biology (1884)] [2] [Suffix] Used to count cannons. *Seiyo Dochu Hizakurige (1870-76) (Kanagaki Robun), vol. 6: "Eighteen Mon Cannons " [3] A novel. Written by Natsume Soseki. Published in 1910 ( Meiji 43 ). It depicts the depths of life through the bleak life of Sosuke and O-Yone, a married couple who live quietly in the fringes of society due to an illicit marriage. It is part of a trilogy, along with "Sanshirō" and "Sorekara."

Kado [Gate]

〘noun〙① An entrance to a fenced area around a house. Also, the entrance to a house. Mon. ※Kojiki (712), part 2, folk song: "The cypress tree that protrudes from the corner " ※Tales of Ise (early 10th century), vol. 5: "He passed through the abandoned building where a child had stepped on and entered from." ② In front of a gate. Also, a garden close to a gate. Around a gate. Near a gate. ※ Man'yoshu (late 8th century), vol. 17, vol. 3978: "Standing at the corner , asking for evening divination, he waited for me ." ※Shin Kokin (1205), winter, vol. 606: "In the hut of the harvested fields by my gate, the snipe's bed is revealed, and the moon on a winter night is visible (Inpumon'in Daifu ) ." ③ House. Dwelling. Residence. Within the mansion. ※Heike (before the 13th century) 2 "The family that accumulates good will have blessings, and the family that accumulates bad will have blessings." ④ Family. Family. ※Shoku Nihongi - Tenpyo Houji 1st Year (757), July 2nd "Your family, your family, do not lose the name of your ancestors, serve them." ⑤ Hereditary servants. Generally called "monya " or "monono", depending on the region they are called "nago" , "hikan", " kehou" , etc. Most of them lived in huts in the master's mansion, and although they were technically part of a family, many of them had strong servitude to the master. *Saku County, Sakurai Village, Family Registry (Shinshu) - Enpo 3rd year (1675) "The first family, Yoshiemon, Yagoro, Yoshizo, and Sannosuke, have an income of 28 koku, 5 to, and 4 sho, and all live within the Yoshiemon residence." ⑥ In the Satsuma Domain, this referred to a union of small farmers.

kazukazu [gate]

〘Noun〙 An ancient eastern dialect meaning a gate . ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 20.4386 "My Kadzu 's five willow trees always make me yearn for my mother ."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

[1] 〘名〙① 建築物の外構えに設けた出入り口。かど。※令義解（718）宮衛「凡開_二閇門_一者。第一開門鼓撃訖。即開_二諸門_一」※滑稽本・戯場粋言幕の外（1806）上「門の出入とがむづかしい事な」〔礼記‐曲礼上〕② 平安京の条坊制で、東西方向の区画帯のうちの最小単位。一坊を東西・南北方向に四等分して一六の正方形を作り、その各々を町と称し、町を東西方向の区画帯で八等分してこれを門という。南北方向には町を四等分区画帯で分け、これを行という。門と行の区画帯を組み合わせると一町の中に三二の小区画ができ、これを戸主(へぬ)といい、一戸の住居単位となった。一門の区画帯の中には四つの戸主が東西に並ぶことになる。※史料編纂所所蔵春日社旧記‐長承四年（1135）四月二六日・藤原某家地売券「在右京捌条壱坊拾参町内肆戸主東肆行北壱弐参肆伍陸柒捌門内者東西陸丈陸尺柒寸南北参拾丈」③ 町境の木戸。※浮世草子・懐硯（1687）一「辻番手柄を見るより心して門うたずして通しける」④ 門の出入りの改めや、門限のことをいう。※洒落本・辰巳之園（1770）「いやもう直に帰ろふ、門(モン)がやかましひ」⑤ 事物が必ず通るところ。ある状態・境地に達するために、まず経過しなければならない段階、また、試練。また、物事の生まれ出てくるところ。「登龍門」「狭き門」など語素的な形で用いられる。〔易経‐繋辞上〕⑥ 学問・芸道を教える家、施設など。ある師を中心とする一派、または一つの系統を引く学問・芸道の流れをいう。※当世書生気質（1885‐86）〈坪内逍遙〉四「ある大学の門(モン)に入りて、脩学おこたりなかりけり」〔孟子‐告子・下〕⑦ 生物分類上の階級の一つで、「界」の下位で、「綱」の上に当たる。動物・植物の各分類群の中で最も高い階級の名称。「脊椎動物門」「種子植物門」など。〔生物学語彙（1884）〕[2] 〘接尾〙大砲を数えるのに用いる。※西洋道中膝栗毛（1870‐76）〈仮名垣魯文〉六「十八門(モン)の大炮(ほう)」[3] 小説。夏目漱石作。明治四三年（一九一〇）発表。不義の結婚により、社会の片隅にひっそりと生きる宗助、お米夫婦のわびしい生活を通し、人生の深淵を描く。「三四郎」「それから」と三部作をなす。

かど【門】

〘名〙① 家の周囲に巡らした、かこいの出入り口。また、家の出入り口。もん。※古事記（712）下・歌謡「真木栄(さ)く檜の御加度(カド)」※伊勢物語（１０Ｃ前）五「かどよりもえ入らで、童べのふみあけたる築地(ついひぢ)のくづれより通ひけり」② 門の前。また、門に近い庭。門のあたり。門の付近。※万葉（８Ｃ後）一七・三九七八「可度(カド)にたち夕占(ゆふけ)問ひつつ吾(あ)を待つと」※新古今（1205）冬・六〇六「我が門の刈田のねやにふす鴫(しぎ)の床あらはなる冬の夜の月〈殷富門院大輔〉」③ 家。家屋。宅。屋敷内。※平家（１３Ｃ前）二「積善の家に余慶あり、積悪の門に余殃とどまるとこそ承はれ」④ 一族。一門。※続日本紀‐天平宝字元年（757）七月二日「己が家家、己が門門、祖の名失はず、勤め仕へ奉れ」⑤ 譜代の下人。一般に門屋または門の者といい、地方によって名子(なご)、被官、家来、家抱(けほう)などという。大部分は親方の屋敷内の小屋に住み、形式的には一家を形成しているが、親方への隷属性の強いものが多かった。※佐久郡桜井村家改帳（信州）‐延宝三年（1675）「一高弐拾八石五斗四升吉右衛門門彌五郎門吉蔵門三之助右吉右衛門屋敷内に居住仕候」⑥ 薩摩藩で、小農民の組合をいう。