This refers to the thin membrane that exists between the cornea and the eyelid, and is found in vertebrates such as sharks, anuran amphibians, reptiles, and birds. It arises as a fold of the conjunctiva, originating from the inner corner of the eye and spreading over the cornea. The nictitating membrane contains a gland similar to a sebaceous gland called the nictitating gland or Harder's gland, whose secretion reduces friction between the cornea and the nictitating membrane. In mammals, a vestigial conjunctival fold remains at the inner corner, called the conjunctival semilunar fold, and the nictitating membrane gland has also degenerated. [Sadao Yasugi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
目の角膜と瞼(まぶた)の間に存在する薄膜をいい、脊椎(せきつい)動物のうち、サメ類、無尾両生類、爬虫(はちゅう)類、鳥類にみられる。結膜のひだとして生じ、目の内角より発して角膜上に広がっている。瞬膜には瞬膜腺(せん)またはハルダー腺とよばれる皮脂腺に類似の腺があり、その分泌液は角膜と瞬膜の摩擦を少なくする。哺乳(ほにゅう)類では瞬膜は内角に痕跡(こんせき)的に残り、結膜半月ひだ(けつまくはんげつひだ)とよばれ、瞬膜腺も退化している。 [八杉貞雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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