Nittic membrane - Shunmaku

Japanese: 瞬膜 - しゅんまく
Nittic membrane - Shunmaku

This refers to the thin membrane that exists between the cornea and the eyelid, and is found in vertebrates such as sharks, anuran amphibians, reptiles, and birds. It arises as a fold of the conjunctiva, originating from the inner corner of the eye and spreading over the cornea. The nictitating membrane contains a gland similar to a sebaceous gland called the nictitating gland or Harder's gland, whose secretion reduces friction between the cornea and the nictitating membrane. In mammals, a vestigial conjunctival fold remains at the inner corner, called the conjunctival semilunar fold, and the nictitating membrane gland has also degenerated.

[Sadao Yasugi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

目の角膜と瞼(まぶた)の間に存在する薄膜をいい、脊椎(せきつい)動物のうち、サメ類、無尾両生類、爬虫(はちゅう)類、鳥類にみられる。結膜のひだとして生じ、目の内角より発して角膜上に広がっている。瞬膜には瞬膜腺(せん)またはハルダー腺とよばれる皮脂腺に類似の腺があり、その分泌液は角膜と瞬膜の摩擦を少なくする。哺乳(ほにゅう)類では瞬膜は内角に痕跡(こんせき)的に残り、結膜半月ひだ(けつまくはんげつひだ)とよばれ、瞬膜腺も退化している。

[八杉貞雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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