A metaphor is a metaphor that does not use a word that corresponds to "like", such as "a blade of ice" or "she is an angel". In contrast, expressions such as "a blade like ice" and "she is like an angel" are called simile. The purpose of a metaphor is to convey the nature and state of the blade or the woman to the listener or reader more impressively than a simile, and to do so, a fresh analogy that has not been overused is required. In the expression "I savored the masterpiece to my heart's content", "savored" is originally a metaphor, but its use has become so common that it is no longer felt as a metaphor, and as a metaphor it is a "dead metaphor" while broadening the meaning of the word "savor". Metaphors can cause changes in meaning in this way. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
比喩の一つで,「氷の刃」「彼女は天使だ」のように,「~のような」にあたる語を用いないたとえ。これに対して,「氷のような刃」「彼女は天使みたいだ」などの表現を直喩 simileという。隠喩の目的は,上の例ならば,刃や女性の性質,状態を直喩よりも一層印象深く聞き手や読者に伝えることであり,そのためには,使い古されていない新鮮なたとえが必要とされる。「私は名曲を心ゆくまで味わった」という表現では,「味わった」は本来隠喩であるが,現在では使用が一般化して隠喩とは感じられず,隠喩としては「死んだ隠喩」 dead metaphorであると同時に,「味わう」という語の意味を広くしている。隠喩はこのように意味の変化を引起すことがある。
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