Indonesian Dance - Indonesian Dance

Japanese: インドネシア舞踊 - インドネシアぶよう
Indonesian Dance - Indonesian Dance
Indonesian dance is broadly divided into Java, Bali, and other islands according to region, ethnicity, language, and culture. There are various dance styles on each island, such as Yogyakarta, Surakarta (Solo), Sunda, and East Java styles on Java, North Bali and South Bali styles on Bali, and Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi styles on the islands. Dance, along with music, has played an important role in religious and political ceremonies. (1) Java During the Hindu period from about the 1st to the 10th century, dance was performed mainly in Central Java, as can be seen from the Borobudur ruins and inscriptions excavated from East Java. At that time, the female dance Ronggeng, dance dramas based on stories such as the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Panji, and masked dance drama Wayang Topeng were performed at the royal court. The ancient Javanese poem Nagarakurtagama also records that King Hayam Wuruk of the 14th century Islamic kingdom Majapahit was well versed in dance. In the 16th century, the masked dance drama Raket, Topeng Babakan, and the stilt dance Kuda Lumping were well known in the Islamic kingdoms centered in West Java. Meanwhile, in Central Java, dance was refined and developed into something highly artistic in the royal palaces of Yogyakarta and Surakarta, and is still passed down as a tradition. In addition to the female dances Budaya and Srimpi, the dance drama Langen Duliya based on the story of Damar Ulang is also well known. Popular entertainment includes Topeng, the stilt dance Kuda Kupang, street performances by women (and sometimes men dressed as women), Redek, and the dance dramas Ketoprak and Reduluk. The Sunderatari Ramayana, which is performed on the outdoor stage of Prambanan Temple, which began in 1961, is well known. (2) Bali: Inseparably linked to religious ceremonies, Bali has numerous dances, including the dance Legong, based on the legend of King Lasem and Lanksari, the dance drama Kecak, the dance Arja, based on the story of Pansy, the dance Pendet, a tribute to the gods, the masked dance Topeng Pajegan, the warrior dance Baris, the dance Barong, which symbolizes peace brought about by good spirits, and Chalong Alang, a dance depicting the exorcism of imaginary demons. (3) Sumatra: Dances with strong Islamic influences include the southern women's dance Gendeng Srivijaya and the Acehnese patriot dance Seudadi. Other well-known Dayak dances in Kalimantan include the warrior dance Mandau and the harvest celebration dance Gandal.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
インドネシアの舞踊は,地域,民族,言語文化によってジャワ島,バリ島,ほかの島嶼部に大別される。ジャワ島にはジョクジャカルタ,スラカルタ (ソロ) ,スンダ,東ジャワ様式,バリ島には北バリ,南バリ様式,島嶼部にはスマトラ,カリマンタン,スラウェシ様式など各島に種々の舞踊様式がある。舞踊は音楽とともに宗教・政治の儀礼において重要な役割を果してきた。 (1) ジャワ島 およそ1世紀から 10世紀にわたるヒンドゥー時代には,中部ジャワを中心に舞踊が演じられていたことはボロブドゥール遺跡や東ジャワから出土した碑文などに見出すことができる。当時宮廷では女性舞踊ロンゲン,『ラーマーヤナ』『マハーバーラタ』『パンジー』などの物語の舞踊劇ワヤン・オラン,仮面舞踊劇ワヤン・トペンが演じられた。 14世紀のイスラム王国マジャパイトのハヤム・ウルク王が舞踊に精通していたことは古代ジャワ詩『ナガラクルタガマ』にも記されている。 16世紀,西ジャワを中心としたイスラム王国では仮面舞踊劇ラケッ,トペン・ババカン,竹馬踊りクダ・ルムピンが知られる。一方中部ジャワではジョクジャカルタとスラカルタの両王宮で舞踊は洗練され,芸術性の高いものとして発達し,いまも伝統的に継承されている。女性舞踊のブダヤとスリンピのほか,『ダマルウーラン』物語の舞踊劇ランゲン・ドゥリヤも有名。民衆の娯楽としてトペン,竹馬踊りクダ・クパン,女性 (ときには女装した男性) が街頭で演じるレデェクや舞踊劇ケトプラック,ルドゥルックがある。 1961年に始められたプランバナン寺院の野外舞台で演じられるスンドゥラタリ・ラーマーヤナは有名である。 (2) バリ島 宗教儀礼と離すことのできない関連をもち,ラセム王とランクサリ伝説の踊りレゴンをはじめ舞踊劇ケチャ,パンジー物語の舞踊アルジャ,神々への献納舞踊ペンデット,仮面舞踊トペン・パジェガン,戦士舞踊バリス,善霊神による平和を象徴した舞踊バロン,架空の悪鬼の退治を舞踊化したチャロン・アランなど数多くの舞踊がある。 (3) スマトラ島 イスラム色の濃い舞踊で,南部の女性舞踊ゲンデン・スリビジャヤ,アチェの憂国士の踊りセウダディがある。ほかに,カリマンタンにはダヤク族の舞踊として戦士舞踊マンダウ,収穫祝いの踊りガンダルが知られている。

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