1908‐ French anthropologist. He studied law and philosophy at the University of Paris, and initially taught philosophy at a lycée. In 1935, he was appointed professor of sociology at the University of São Paulo in Brazil, where he conducted field research on the Bororo, Nambikwara and other Indian societies. He returned to Brazil briefly, but fled the Vichy regime and traveled to the United States in 1941. He met the linguist R. Jacobson at the New School for Social Research, where he was affiliated. He returned to the United States after World War II, and in 1950 he was in charge of the Religious Sciences Department at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes in Paris, and in 1959 he became the first professor of social anthropology at the Collège de France. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1908‐ フランスの人類学者。パリ大学で法学と哲学を学び,はじめリセの哲学教師をつとめた。1935年サン・パウロ大学社会学教授としてブラジルに赴任し,ボロロ,ナンビクワラ等のインディオ社会の実地調査にあたった。その後いったん帰国したが,ビシー政権下をのがれて41年にアメリカへ渡った。所属先の〈社会調査のための新学院〉で言語学者R.ヤコブソンを知った。第2次大戦後帰国し,50年パリ高等研究院宗教科学部門を担当,59年コレージュ・ド・フランス社会人類学講座の初代教授となった。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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