A polynomial that cannot be factorized into the product of non-constant (zeroth degree) polynomials f and g , such as f = gh . Gauss's theorem states that for polynomials with complex coefficients in one variable, only linear expressions are irreducible. For polynomials with real coefficients, quadratic expressions with imaginary roots are also irreducible. When there are two or more variables, more complicated situations arise, and it becomes a problem of algebraic geometry. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
f=gh というように,定数 (0次) でない多項式 f と g の積に因数分解できない,(0次でない) 多項式のことをいう。1変数の複素係数の多項式では,1次式だけが既約多項式であるというのが,ガウスの定理である。実係数ならば,虚根をもつ2次式も既約になる。2変数以上になると,もっと複雑な状況が生じて,代数幾何学の問題になる。
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