Creating and cultivating forests by planting seedlings of useful tree species, sprouting from stumps, or from seeds that have fallen naturally or been artificially sown. It requires any or all of the following tasks: site preparation, planting, underbrush, pruning, and thinning. Since it takes at least 30 to 40 years to produce timber, it is important that silvicultural work is based on long-term plans to maintain the fertility of the forest land and prevent damage from diseases, insects, and animals. It is almost synonymous with afforestation, but the term silviculture is often used when emphasizing the nursing aspect in particular. [Kinji Hachiya] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
有用な樹種の苗木を植え付けたり、切り株からの萌芽(ほうが/ぼうが)や、自然落下した種子または人工的に播(ま)いた種子などによって林をつくり育てること。地ごしらえ、植え付け、下刈り、枝打ち、間伐(かんばつ)などの作業のいずれか、もしくはすべてを必要とする。用材の生産には短くても30~40年はかかるので、育林作業は長期的計画のもとに、林地の地力を維持したり、病虫獣害を防除することなどが重要である。造林とほとんど同義であるが、とくに保育面を強調していうときに育林とよぶ場合が多い。 [蜂屋欣二] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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