A town in the Bundelkhand region in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is known for the group of Hindu stone temples that are located here. These temples were built during the heyday of the Chandela dynasty, which ruled over the northern half of India from the 10th to 13th centuries, and this place was the religious center of the kingdom. The group of temples was registered as a World Heritage Site in 1986 (World Cultural Heritage). The person who made the greatest contribution to the construction of temples was the 8th king, Danga (around 950-1008), who built large temples such as Kandariya, Visvanatha, and Parshvanatha. However, after the invasion of Central India by Islamic troops during the time of King Vidyadhara, three generations after him, the Chandela dynasty gradually declined, and no more temples were built thereafter. The group of Hindu temples, including Jain temples, are divided into three groups, east, west and south, on a plain stretching about 2km east to west and 3km north to south, and currently number around 20, including small halls. The temple structures all face east, have a Latin cross-shaped plan, and the shrines housing the principal deities are characterized by a tall tower (shikhara) at the top, while the interiors feature statues and decorative carvings embedded in the capitals, beams and ceilings. The exterior walls of the temples are covered with statues of men and women in various poses, including statues of gods, and many of them express a bright sensuality. [Shinichi Nagai] This is one of the temples constructed during the heyday of the Chandela dynasty. It was built in the mid-10th century and enshrines the god Vishnu. The plan is in the shape of a Latin cross, and the shrine housing the principal image has a tall tower (shikhara) at the top. It is part of the World Heritage Site "Khajuraho Monuments" (India, registered in 1986). Khajuraho, India ©Shogakukan "> Lakshmana Temple The exterior walls are carved with statues of gods and various poses of male and female monks (Mithuna statues). Mithuna statues are commonly found in the Khajuraho temples, and many of them express bright sensuality. Part of the World Heritage Site "Khajuraho Group of Monuments" (India, registered in 1986) Khajuraho, India ©Shogakukan "> Wall carvings of Lakshmana Temple Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インド、マディヤ・プラデシュ州北部のブンデルカンド地方にある町。ここにあるヒンドゥー教石造寺院群によってその名が知られる。これらの寺院群は10~13世紀にインド北半に覇を唱えたチャンデーラ王朝の最盛期に造営され、この地が同王国の宗教の中心地であった。この寺院群は1986年に世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。寺院の造営にもっとも力を尽くしたのは第8代ダンガ王(950―1008ころ)で、カンダーリヤ、ビシュバナータ、パールシュバーナータなど大規模な寺院が建立されたが、彼より3代あとのビディヤーダラ王のときイスラム軍の中インド侵入を受けてからチャンデーラ朝はしだいに衰え、その後は寺院の建立はみられなくなった。ジャイナ教を含むヒンドゥー教の寺院群は東西約2キロメートル、南北約3キロメートルの平地に西、東、南の3群に分かれ、小さな堂を含め現在20ほどを数える。寺院の構造はみな東向きで、平面はラテン・クロス状をなし、本尊を安置する神殿は上部が高い塔(シカラ)になっているのが特色で、内部は柱頭、長押(なげし)、天井などに彫像や装飾彫刻が埋められている。寺院の外壁は神像をはじめさまざまな姿態の男女の彫像で覆われ、明るい官能性を表したものが多い。 [永井信一] チャンデーラ王朝の最盛期に造営された寺院群の一つ。10世紀なかばの建立で、ビシュヌ神を祀る。平面はラテン・クロス状をなし、本尊を安置する神殿は上部が高い塔(シカラ)になっている。世界文化遺産「カジュラーホの建造物群」の一部(インド・1986年登録) インド カジュラーホ©Shogakukan"> ラクシュマナ寺院 外壁には神像をはじめ、さまざまな姿態の男女合歓像(ミトゥナ像)が刻まれている。ミトゥナ像はカジュラーホの寺院群に多くみられるもので、明るい官能性を表したものが多い。世界文化遺産「カジュラーホの建造物群」の一部(インド・1986年登録) インド カジュラーホ©Shogakukan"> ラクシュマナ寺院の壁面彫刻 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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