…They are found in undifferentiated plant cells such as meristematic tissues, but not in animal cells or fungi, and are organelles that develop from protoplastids, which are rod-shaped or oblong bodies measuring 1 to 3 μm in size and lack chlorophyll. Their shape, internal structure, and function vary significantly depending on the species, and include chloroplasts that are photosynthetic organelles, leucoplasts that lack chlorophyll, etioplasts in etiolated plants, amyloplasts that have large storage starch, chromatoplasts found in yellow and orange cells, protenoplasts that contain protein crystals, and oleoplasts that have large oil droplets and lipid granules. As has been well studied in chloroplasts, each plastid has its own DNA, RNA, and enzymes, and is transmitted to the next generation through reproductive cells as a self-replicating organelle. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "amyloplast" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…動物細胞・菌類に欠けているが,分裂組織など未分化な植物細胞にみられ,大きさ1~3μmの桿(かん)状または長楕円体のクロロフィルをもたない原色素体proplastidから発達する細胞小器官である。その形状,内部構造,機能などは,種類によって著しく異なり,光合成器官になっている葉緑体のほか,クロロフィルを欠く白色体,黄化植物のエチオプラスト,大きな貯蔵デンプンをもつアミロプラスト,黄色や橙色細胞にみられる有色色素体,タンパク質の結晶を含むプロテノプラスト,大きな油滴や脂質顆粒(かりゆう)をもつオレオプラストなどがある。 いずれの色素体も葉緑体でよく研究されているように,独自のDNA,RNAおよび酵素をもち,自己増殖性の細胞小器官として生殖細胞を通して次の世代に伝えられる。… ※「アミロプラスト」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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