《Seaweed》 - Amano Mok

...Since ancient times, this word has been widely used to mean a prestigious family, but in the records from the end of the Heian period, it is written that Fujiwara clan's Kurandoh Akiyori of the Kanshuji line, Nakahara Hiromune who inherited the position of Daigaiki, and Kiyohara Nobutoshi are "famous families for generations," which can be interpreted as meaning a family that has handed down the traditions for generations and has earned a name for its talent and wisdom, and considering the description of Akiyori's son Mitsuyori as "a family that has been a spokesman for several generations," the genealogy of the word "famous family" can be roughly guessed. In the court book of the Muromachi period, "Amanomomozu," it is written that "the famous families are Hino, Kanshuji, and Heike," but already in "Fushimi-in Shinki," it is written that "generally, Hino, Kanshuji, Heike, and others rise to power through hard work," which shows that the status of famous families was established after the end of the Kamakura period. The Hino lineage had Fujiwara no Sukeharu as its de facto founder, and the Kanshuji lineage had Fujiwara no Tamefusa as its de facto founder. The Taira clan, since Taira no Chikanobu, have built a reputation as a "family of diary writers." They all served the regent family with their talent and practical ability, and took control of the family's affairs. Furthermore, from the Insei period onwards, they managed the general affairs of the Inchu (court house), and in the Muromachi period, they were at the forefront of communication between the Imperial Court and the Shogunate, maintaining their power for a long period and boasting prosperity.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Umino Mokai" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…古来，広くは名望ある家柄の意味に用いられた語であるが，平安末期の記録に勧修寺流藤原氏の蔵人顕頼や，大外記を世襲する中原広宗，清原信俊について〈累代の名家〉と書いているのは，代々故実を伝承し，才識をもって名を得ている家の意と解釈され，さらに顕頼の子光頼について〈数代弁官の家なり〉とする記述のあるのを考えあわせると，〈名家〉の語の系譜がほぼ推測される。室町時代の有職書《海人藻芥（あまのもくず）》には，〈名家は，日野，勧修寺，平家なり〉と見えるが，すでに《伏見院宸記》にも，〈凡そ日野，勧修寺，平家等の輩，労効に依りて立身起家す〉とあり，鎌倉末期以降ほぼ家格としての名家が成立したことがわかる。日野流諸家は藤原資業を，勧修寺流諸家は藤原為房を実質的な始祖とし，平家は平親信以来〈日記の家〉の声価を高め，みな才識と実務能力をもって摂関家に仕え，その家政を掌握したが，さらに院政時代以降は，院中の庶務を掌理し，室町時代には朝幕間の連絡の衝に当たり，長期にわたって権勢を保持し，繁栄を誇った。…

※「《海人藻芥》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報