Benedict of Aniyan - Benedict of Aniyan

The breviary was originally divided into several volumes, including the Bible, hymns, psalms, and prayers, but for various reasons it was compiled into a single volume in the 12th century at the Monte Cassino Abbey and other monasteries, and has since rapidly spread throughout Europe. In addition to these two theories, there is also a theory that the 8th century monk Benedict of Agnien compiled a kind of supplement to the psalms and breviary, called the Small Office of the Virgin Mary, for the praise of the Virgin Mary, for use by clergymen, and that this was favored in monasteries in France and England in the 11th century, and then began to spread among the laity as a personal prayer book, or book of hours, from the end of the 13th century onwards, especially in northern Europe. The contents of each Psalm vary slightly, but generally they consist of (1) a calendar page (listing Christian holidays and saints' days for each month), (2) excerpts from the four Gospels, (3) a prayer to the Virgin Mary beginning with "Obsecro te" (I beseech thee), (4) a prayer to the Virgin Mary beginning with "O intemerata" (O Immaculate), (5) the Office of the Virgin Mary, (6) the Office of the Holy Cross, (7) the Office of the Holy Spirit, (8) the Seven Psalms of Penitence, (9) a couplet, (10) the Office of the Dead, and (11) prayers for the intercession of the saints.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "Benedict of Anyan" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…聖務日課書は，かつて聖書，賛歌，交誦，集禱文など数冊に分かれていたが，種々の便宜と目的のため12世紀にモンテ･カッシノ修道院などで1冊の抄本にまとめられ，以後急激にヨーロッパ各地に普及したものである。この二説のほかに，すでに8世紀の修道士アニヤンのベネディクトが，とくに聖母賛美のための《聖母マリアの小聖務日課書》という《詩篇》や聖務日課書の一種の補遺を聖職者用に編纂しており，それが11世紀にフランスやイギリスの修道院で愛好され，やがて13世紀末以降，とくに北ヨーロッパで平信徒の間で個人用祈禱書，すなわち時禱書として普及しはじめたとする説もある。　内容は各時禱書によって多少異なるが，一般的には，(1)カレンダー･ページ(各月ごとにキリスト教の祝祭日や聖人祝日を記載)，(2)四福音書の抜粋，(3)〈オブセクロ･テObsecro te(あなたにせつに願う)〉に始まる聖母マリアの祈禱，(4)同じく聖母への〈オ，インテメラタO intemerata(おお，けがれなき者よ)〉で始まる祈禱，(5)聖母マリアの聖務，(6)聖十字架の聖務，(7)聖霊の聖務，(8)回心の七詩篇，(9)連禱，(10)死者の聖務，(11)諸聖人のとりなしの祈禱，である。…

※「アニヤンのベネディクト」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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