Ushikawajin - Ushikawajin

Japanese: 牛川人 - うしかわじん
Ushikawajin - Ushikawajin

A human bone from the Pleistocene (Pleistocene) era was collected at a limestone quarry in Ushikawa-cho, Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture. During quarrying work, a bone fragment was unearthed from a clay layer in a cleft in the rock, and among the fragments was found a fragment of a human left upper arm bone. This discovery prompted three excavation surveys in September 1957, July, and August 1958 by Suzuki Hisashi and others from the Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo. No human bones or stone tools were unearthed, but many animal bones thought to have been associated with the humerus were found, and the type of bones indirectly suggested that the human bones dated to the upper part of the Middle Pleistocene era. According to Suzuki, the bone in question was that of a woman about 135 cm tall, and its morphology suggests a fairly primitive age, but since no skull was unearthed, its position in human evolution was put on hold. Later, a fragment of the left thigh bone was also collected from the same quarry. The Ushikawa man is not only one of the few Pleistocene human remains to be found in Japan, but what makes it even more significant is that it may be older than the more recent human.

[Keiji Imamura]

"Japanese Bones" by Hisashi Suzuki (Iwanami Shinsho)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

愛知県豊橋(とよはし)市牛川町の石灰岩採石場で採集された洪積世(更新世)の人骨。採石作業中に岩裂中の粘土層に含まれていた骨片が出土し、そのなかから人の左側上腕骨の破片が検出された。この発見をきっかけとして、東京大学理学部人類学教室の鈴木尚(ひさし)らによって1957年(昭和32)9月と58年7月、8月の3回にわたる発掘調査が行われた。人骨や石器などは出土しなかったが、上記上腕骨に伴ったと考えられる獣骨多数が得られ、その種類から間接的にこの人骨が中部洪積世上部のものと推定された。鈴木によると、問題の人骨は身長135センチメートルほどの女性のもので、その形態からかなりの原始性がうかがえるが、頭骨が出土しなかったため人類進化上の位置づけは保留された。その後同じ採石場で左側大腿(だいたい)骨片も採集されている。牛川人は発見例の少ないわが国の洪積世人骨というだけでなく、新人よりも古いものである可能性を有する点にいっそうの重要性がある。

[今村啓爾]

『鈴木尚著『日本人の骨』(岩波新書)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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