Jeong Do-jeon

A Korean politician and scholar from the end of the Goryeo Dynasty and the beginning of the Yi Dynasty. Born in Bonghwa (Gyeongsang Province), his pen name was Sambong. A disciple of Yi Saek (1328-96), he passed the literary examination in 1362. Together with Jo Jun, he cooperated with Yi Seong-gye (the founder of the Yi Dynasty) and implemented the Field Law and reformed the land system. In this way, he worked hard to establish the foundations of the Yi Seong-gye government, and after the establishment of the Yi Dynasty, he was considered the nation's most meritorious vassal, and held important positions in both civil and military affairs, such as Monkajiro Sanseij and Hansangunfuji. He wrote the "Economic Documents" and "Joseon Gyeonggukjeon," which created the prototype of the legal system of the Yi Dynasty that led to the "Gyeonggukdaejeon," and also compiled the first "History of Goryeo," which consisted of 37 volumes. In the struggle for the succession of Yi Seong-gye, he supported Yi Bang-seok, but was defeated by Yi Bang-won (Taejong), and was beheaded as the greatest traitor to the state. His collection of writings includes the "Sambongju."

[Mitsuo Yoshida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

朝鮮、高麗(こうらい)末・李朝(りちょう)初めの政治家、学者。奉化(ほうか)（慶尚道）の人。号は三峰。李穡(りしょく)（1328―96）の門人で、1362年文科に及第した。趙浚(ちょうしゅん)とともに李成桂(りせいけい)（李朝の太祖）に協力し、科田法を施行して田制改革を行った。こうして李成桂政権の基盤形成に尽力し、李朝成立後は国家第一の功臣とされ、官は門下侍郎賛成事(もんかじろうさんせいじ)、判三軍府事(はんさんぐんふじ)など文武の要職を歴任した。『経済文鑑』『朝鮮経国典』を著して『経国大典』につながる李朝法体系の原型をつくり、第一次『高麗史』37巻の編纂(へんさん)も行った。李成桂の後継者争いでは李芳碩(ほうせき)を支持して李芳遠（太宗）に敗れ、国家第一の逆臣として斬首(ざんしゅ)に処せられた。文集に『三峰集』がある。

［吉田光男］

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