Autumn Land Survey - Akikenchi

In addition to the regular land surveys, there were also the Ikenchi, which was a survey in which the village land tax was increased by a certain amount by estimate without using a pole, the informal land survey in which only the area was measured and corrected while keeping the quality and price as usual, the Jishi or Jizume, the perimeter survey in which a partial target land was divided into detailed maps and the divisions were clarified, and the land survey conducted by boundary disputes was called Ronsho-kenchi. Land surveys were often conducted after the wheat or rice harvest, and there were spring and autumn surveys depending on the season. The spring surveys were usually incorporated into the tax from that year, and the autumn surveys from the following year. The results of the land surveys had a direct impact on the lives of the farmers, so the farmers were very interested in them, and when they were conducted, there were cases of corruption, such as survey officials taking bribes to give preferential treatment, lawsuits were filed as a result of the surveys, or conversely, surveys were conducted as a result of lawsuits, and in cases of surveys aimed at making a profit, there were uprisings against the surveys.

*Some of the terminology used in relation to the "Autumn Land Survey" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…正規の検地のほかに，竿入をせずに見計いによって古検の村高に一定の増高をつけて無地増高とする検地を居検地，品位･斗代は従来どおりとして面積のみ測量し修正する略式の検地を地押または地詰，部分的な対象地をこまかく区分した絵図に作って反別をただす検地を廻り検地，境界争論などによって行う検地を論所検地といった。また検地は麦･稲の刈入れ後に行われることが多く，季節によって春検地と秋検地の別があり，春検地はその年から，秋検地は翌年から高に組み入れられるのが通例であった。検地の結果は農民生活に直接ひびいたので農民の関心も高く，実施に際しては検地役人が賄賂をとって手心を加えるなどの不正が起こったり，検地の結果訴訟が起こされたり，逆に訴訟によって検地が実施されたり，打出しをねらった検地などでは検地反対一揆が起こったりした。…

※「秋検地」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報