Scale pattern - Urokomon

Japanese: 鱗文 - うろこもん
Scale pattern - Urokomon

This pattern unfolds by connecting isosceles triangles vertically and horizontally. When isosceles triangles are arranged horizontally, in other words in a band-like pattern, they are called serrated patterns or mountain patterns, and are sometimes distinguished from scale patterns. This pattern has a long history, and is often depicted on the walls of haniwa clay figurines and ancient tombs, with vermilion or blue added. For this reason, some say that this pattern is a symbol of primitive beliefs. However, it declined in popularity from the Nara period to the Kamakura period, and is only seen scattered in picture scrolls as a pattern on the clothing of common people. In the Muromachi period, among the famous textiles imported from Ming China, there are textiles by Hariya, Izutsuya, and Gondayu that use this pattern, and it once again appears at the top of the history of patterns. As a result, it was featured in samurai's battle suroi and Noh costumes, and in Noh costumes in particular, the scales made with gold and silver surihaku are famous as a pattern on the costumes of female roles representing the body of a snake.

[Muramoto Yu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

二等辺三角形を上下左右につなぎながら展開していった文様。二等辺三角形を左右の方向、つまり帯状に並列したものを鋸歯文(きょしもん)、ないし山形文とよんで鱗文と区別することもある。この文様の歴史は古く、埴輪(はにわ)や古墳の壁面に朱や青の彩色を加えて表されていることが多い。そのためこの文様を原始信仰のシンボルとみる説もある。しかし、奈良時代から鎌倉時代にかけては衰微し、わずかに庶民の衣服の模様として絵巻に散見するだけである。室町時代に入ると、明(みん)から舶来した名物裂(めいぶつぎれ)のなかにこの文様を使った針屋、井筒屋、権太夫(ごんだゆう)といった裂があり、ふたたび文様史の上層部に浮かび上がってくる。その結果として、武家の陣羽織や能装束にまで取り上げられるようになり、とくに能装束では、金銀の摺箔(すりはく)で表された鱗箔が、蛇体を表す女役の衣装の模様として有名である。

[村元雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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