…In his book “Suicide: An Essay on Sociology” (1897), Durkheim argued that the trend of suicide (rate) as a social phenomenon cannot be explained by individual pathological psychological factors or biological factors such as race, genetics, or climate, and considered it in relation to the characteristics of social structure. That is, he classified the types of suicide characteristic of modern society into four types: (1) altruistic suicide, (2) egoistic suicide, (3) anomie suicide, and (4) fatalistic suicide. (1) appears in societies where individual interest and life are undervalued due to excessive social integration, and suicide is sometimes forced as a duty and considered to be an honorable act. … *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "altruistic suicide" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…デュルケームは《自殺論Le suicide:étude de sociologie》(1897)で,社会現象としての自殺(率)の動向を,個人の病態心理的要因や人種,遺伝,気候などの生物学的要因では説明しきれないとし,社会的構造の特性との関連で考えた。すなわち,彼は近代社会に特徴的な自殺のタイプとして,(1)愛他的自殺suicide altruiste,(2)利己的自殺suicide egoïste,(3)アノミー的自殺suicide anomique,(4)宿命的自殺suicide fatalisteの四つに分類した。(1)は社会の統合が過度のため,個人の関心や生命が過小評価される社会において現れ,自殺は義務として強いられ,また,尊敬すべき行為とみなされる場合もある。… ※「愛他的自殺」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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