mashrabiya (English spelling)

Japanese: mashrabīya(英語表記)mashrabiya
mashrabiya (English spelling)

...In other words, private residential areas were designed to be inaccessible from the outside, and openings faced the courtyard rather than the street. When windows faced the street, they were fitted with dense lattices (mashrabiya) to keep out strong sunlight and sand, making it impossible to see inside. In the early Islamic period, Arabia did not have its own architectural style, but borrowed from the traditions of the cultures that it conquered, such as Persia, Byzantium, and Visigothic cultures that preceded Islam, and modified and added modifications to these to establish its own style.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "mashrabiya" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…すなわち,私的な居住区域は,外部から直接に接近しがたい構成をとり,しかも開口部は道路側よりも,むしろ中庭に向かって設けられる。道路に面して窓を設ける場合には,強い日ざしや砂塵を遮閉するために,緻密な格子(マシュラビーヤmashrabīya)をはめ込み,内部がのぞけない仕組みになっている。 イスラム初期のアラブは独自の建築様式をもたず,征服地の文化,すなわちペルシア,ビザンティン,西ゴートなどイスラムに先立つ文化の伝統を借用し,これを修正し,修飾を付加しつつ独自の様式を確立していった。…

※「mashrabīya」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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