Italian neoclassical sculptor. Born in Possagno in the Veneto region. In 1768, he became a student of the Pagnano sculptor Giuseppe Bernardi (known as Torletti), and traveled to Venice with him that same or the following year. He continued to work in Venice for several years after his teacher's death in 1773, and one of his works from this period is Daedalus and Icarus (1778, Corler Museum, Venice). In 1779, he visited Rome, Naples, Pompeii, Paestum, and other places, returning to Venice in 1780, but leaving for Rome again the following year, and Rome became his main base of activity throughout his life. One of the influential influences in shaping his style was the introduction to ancient art by the Scotsman Gavin Hamilton, who was a mediocre painter but a great intellectual. His tombstone for Pope Clement XIV (1783-87, Santi Apostoli) established his reputation, and he also produced works on ancient themes such as Amor and Psyche (1787-93, Louvre), the Tombstone of Maria Christina (1798-1805, Vienna, St. Augustine Church), and many other portraits of nobles. He also produced portraits of Napoleon and his family, including a large nude statue of Napoleon (1810, Apsley House, London) and a half-nude statue of his sister Paolina (1805, Borghese Gallery). His works are characterized by restrained, almost emotionless facial expressions, simple and clean surface treatment, and flat structure. In Possagno, next to his birthplace, there is a plaster sculpture museum, where many of his studies are preserved. Canova's reputation today does not reach the high acclaim he received during his lifetime, which is rare in the history of art. [Shigenori Nishiyama] 1804-1806 Marble Height 242.6cm Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Canova's "Perseus with the Head of Medusa" 1809, marble, height 66 cm, owned by the Art Institute of Chicago Canova's "Paris" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの新古典主義の彫刻家。ベネト地方のポッサーニョに生まれる。1768年、パニャーノの彫刻家ジュゼッペ・ベルナルディ(通称トルレッティ)に入門し、同年ないし翌年、師とともにベネチアに赴く。73年の師の没後も数年間ベネチアにとどまって活動し、この時期の作品に『ダイダロスとイカロス』(1778・ベネチア・コルレール美術館)がある。79年ローマ、ナポリ、ポンペイ、パエストゥムなどを訪れ、80年ベネチアに帰るが、翌年ふたたびローマに旅立ち、以後生涯を通じてローマを中心的活動の場とした。 彼の様式形成に関与して力のあったものの一つに、凡庸な画家ながら優れた知識人であったスコットランド人、ガビン・ハミルトンによる古代美術への手引きがあったと思われる。教皇クレメンス14世墓碑彫刻(1783~87・サンティ・アポストリ聖堂)は彼の名声を不動のものとし、そのほか『アモールとプシュケ』(1787~93・ルーブル美術館)など古代的主題の作品をはじめ、『マリア・クリスティーナの墓碑』(1798~1805・ウィーン、聖アウグスティヌス修道会聖堂)、そのほか数多くの貴顕の肖像を制作した。さらにナポレオンの巨大な裸像(1810・ロンドン、アプスレイ・ハウス)、およびその妹パオリーナの半裸像(1805・ボルゲーゼ美術館)など、ナポレオンとその家族の肖像彫刻などもつくっている。 彼の作品は、抑制された、ほとんど無感動な表情、単純化された清楚(せいそ)な面処理、平面的な結構などを特色としている。ポッサーニョには、彼の生家に隣接して石膏(せっこう)塑形陳列館があり、多数の習作塑像が保存されている。今日のカノーバに対する評価は、生前この芸術家が受けた美術史上まれにみるほどの高い評価には及ばない。 [西山重徳] 1804~1806年 大理石 高さ242.6cmメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> カノーバ『メドゥサの頭をもつペルセウス… 1809年 大理石 高さ66cmシカゴ美術研究所所蔵"> カノーバ『パリス』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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