Mashyakha

Japanese: Mashyakha
Mashyakha

...The Nubian people came into contact with the Arab Muslims who were moving south from Egypt along the Nile or crossing the Red Sea from the Arabian Peninsula, and the Arab tribes known collectively as Ja'alin and Juhayna were born. As the Christian kingdoms declined, a number of Islamic emirates (Mashyakha) of these Arab tribes were established along the Nile. Around the same time as the Ottoman Empire took over Egypt (1517), these emirates were united to form the Kingdom of Funj (1515-1821), and Islamic rule began in the Blue Nile basin, centered at Sennar, from the third cataract to the confluence of the two Niles. At this time, some Arab tribes around the Nile migrated to Kordofan on the west bank of the White Nile and settled there as Arab nomads (Baqqara, Bedayliya, etc.).

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Mashyakha" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その頃からヌビア住民は,ナイル川に沿ってエジプトから南下する,あるいは紅海を渡ってアラビア半島からやって来るアラブ・ムスリムと接触を深め,ジャアリーンJa‘alīnおよびジュハイナJuhaynaと総称される,アラブの血を引いた諸部族の誕生をみた。これらアラブ系部族のイスラム首長国(マシュヤハMashyakha)が,キリスト教王国の衰退につれてナイル川流域にいくつも成立していき,オスマン帝国のエジプト支配(1517)と同じ頃,それら首長国を統合してフンジFunj王国(1515‐1821)が成立,青ナイル川流域センナールSennārを中心にしてナイル川第3急湍以南両ナイル合流域にかけてイスラムにもとづく統治が始まった。このとき,ナイル川周辺の一部アラブ系部族が白ナイル川西岸のコルドファンに移動,アラブ系遊牧民(バッカーラBaqqāra,ベダイリーヤBedaylīya等)として定着した。…

※「Mashyakha」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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