…In German, it is called Zeitgeber, and the rhythm seen when all external stimuli are removed is called a free-running rhythm. The master clock is the main oscillator that acts as the pacemaker of biological rhythms. It receives external stimuli and adjusts the rhythm, and this rhythm drives multiple child clocks, which also have a certain degree of autonomy, via transmission systems such as nerves and hormones, and is thought to form a unified rhythm in the organism (Mills JN Mills' master clock theory). For example, in rodents such as rats, a small nucleus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus located at the center base of the hypothalamus is the master clock, which controls the organism's rhythms by using visual stimuli as a synchronization factor, so if it is destroyed, circadian rhythms such as sleep-wake, drinking behavior, wheel running, and plasma corticosterone will disappear. … *Some of the terms mentioned in relation to the "master clock theory" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ドイツ語ではZeitgeber)といい,外からの刺激をすべて取り去ったときにみられるリズムを自由継続性リズムfree‐running rhythmという。 生体リズムのペースメーカーであるおおもとの発振器は親時計といわれるが,その親時計は外部からの刺激を受け入れてリズムを調節し,そのリズムは神経やホルモンなどの伝達系を介して,これまたある程度の自律性を備えた複数の子時計を駆動する,そして,生体の統一的なリズムを形成すると考えられる(ミルズJ.N.Millsの親時計説)。たとえば,ラットなどの齧歯(げつし)類では,視床下部の中央底部にある視交叉(しこうさ)上核という小さな核が親時計で,これが視覚刺激を同調因子として生体のリズムを支配しているから,これを破壊すると睡眠―覚醒,飲水行動,車回し運動,血漿コルチコステロンなどの概日リズムが消失する。… ※「親時計説」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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