…Dug wells are a device that allows pressurized groundwater to flow naturally, and qanat is a method of drawing water using the gravity of the water, but ordinary wells require human, animal, and mechanical power to draw water. Among them, noria (Arabic, nā'ūra in Persian), which draws water by moving livestock in a circular motion to move a chain of buckets, is well-known. From 【Waterwheel】…There are two common types: those that use animal power to convert horizontal rotational motion into vertical waterwheel rotation using gears, and those that use a down-shot waterwheel that rotates with the current of water to lift water. The former are usually called sāqiya and are more common in Egypt, while the latter are called nā'ūra (or noria in English) and are more common in Syria and Iraq. Among them, Syria's Hama has been famous for its large waterwheels since the 9th century, and the largest of the few that remain today has a diameter of about 27 meters and can lift water to a height almost equal to that diameter. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "noria" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…掘抜井戸は被圧地下水を自噴させる工夫であり,カナートは水の重力を利用した取水方法であるが,一般の井戸では水のくみ上げに,人力,畜力,機械力を必要とする。そのうち家畜に円周運動をさせてチェーン状のつるべを動かして水をくみ上げる〈ノリアnoria〉(アラビア語。ペルシア語でナーウーラnā‘ūra)は著名である。… 【水車】より…種類としては,畜力を利用した,水平の回転運動を歯車によって垂直の水車の回転に換えて揚水するものと,水流で回転する下射式の水車で揚水するものとの二つが一般的である。普通,前者はサーキヤsāqiyaといわれてエジプトで多くみられ,後者はナーウーラnā‘ūra(英語ではノーリアnoria)といわれてシリアやイラクに多い。なかでもシリアのハマーは9世紀以来これの大型の水車群で有名で,今日現存する数台のうち最大のものは直径が約27mに達し,ほぼその直径に匹敵する高さにまで揚水が可能である。… ※「noria」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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