Buyback - Kaimodoshi

Japanese: 買戻し - かいもどし
Buyback - Kaimodoshi

When entering into a sales contract, the seller reserves the right to repurchase the subject matter in the future, which is called a special clause of repurchase, and the act of recovering the subject matter that once belonged to the buyer based on such a clause, and such a system, is called repurchase (Civil Code Articles 579 to 585). Its economic effect is a security for a claim in the form of a transfer of ownership, and it is used when the subject matter is temporarily released for financing, etc.

The requirements for a repurchase are that the object is limited to real estate, and that the repurchase price is the purchase price plus the costs of the contract (Civil Code Article 579). The repurchase period cannot exceed 10 years (Civil Code Article 580, Paragraph 1), and other conditions, and a special repurchase agreement that meets the above requirements can be asserted against third parties by registration (Civil Code Article 581, Paragraph 1). The right of repurchase can be transferred to another person, and can be asserted against third parties by registration.

The method of redemption is to express one's intention to the party obligated to redeem. At that time, the price paid by the buyer and the contract costs must be returned. The effect of redemption is that each party is obligated to restore the property to its original state. Therefore, ownership of the target real estate is automatically restored to the person with the right to redeem. The redemption system is limited to real estate, and the requirements are strict in terms of limitations on the redemption period and the redemption price, so it is used less frequently than "reservations for resale" (when the seller makes a reservation at the time of sale to repurchase the property again in the future).

[Takahisa Awaji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

売買契約の際に、売り主が将来目的物を買い戻すことのできる権利を留保しておくことを買戻しの特約といい、そのような特約に基づいて、いったん買い主に帰属した目的物を取り戻すこと、およびそのような制度を買戻しという(民法579条~585条)。その経済的作用は、所有権移転の形式による債権担保であり、目的物を金融などのために一時手放す場合に用いられる。

 買戻しとなるための要件は、目的物が不動産に限られ、買戻し代価は売買代金に契約の費用を加えたものであること(民法579条)。買戻し期間は10年を超えることができない(580条1項)などであり、以上の要件を満たした買戻しの特約は、登記することによって、第三者に対抗することができる(同法581条1項)。買戻し権は他人に譲渡することができ、登記によって第三者に対抗することができる。

 買戻しの実行方法は、買戻し義務者に対する意思表示によって行われる。その際、買い主の支払った代金と契約費用とが返還されなければならない。買戻しの効果は各当事者に原状回復義務が生じることである。したがって、目的の不動産の所有権は、買戻し権者に当然に復帰する。買戻しの制度は、不動産に限られ、買戻しの期間の限定、買戻し代価などの点で、その要件が厳しいため、「再売買の予約」(売買に際して売り主が将来ふたたび買い戻す旨を予約すること)などに比べて利用度は低い。

[淡路剛久]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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