Peridot

Japanese: peridot
Peridot

…On the other hand, olive was mistakenly translated as olivine, a different plant, and the mineral was translated accordingly as olivine. The beautiful transparent dark green olivine has been used as a gemstone since ancient times and is called peridot. The finest quality is found on Zebirget Island (St. John's Island) in the Red Sea and in northern Myanmar, as well as in Norway, Australia, Brazil and the United States. …

From [Topaz]

…The symmetry of the ordered arrangement of OH and F and the orientation of the O-H bonds can be reduced to the triclinic system. [Mizuhiko Akizuki]
[jewelry]
Peridot (a gemstone variety of forsterite, a type of olivine) is mined on the island of St. John in the Red Sea, but in ancient times this stone was called topaz and was confused with modern topaz. Topaz is broadly divided into two types: the hydroxyl (OH) type with the component Al 2 SiO 4 (OH) 2 , and the fluorine (F) type with the component Al 2 SiO 4 (F) 2.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "peridot" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一方,オリーブは別種の植物である橄欖と誤訳され,それに従い鉱物名も〈橄欖石〉と訳された。 透明な暗緑色の美しいカンラン石は古代から宝石として用いられ,ペリドットperidotと呼ばれる。最高級品質のものは紅海のゼビルゲットZebirget島(セント・ジョンズ島)と北ミャンマーであり,そのほかノルウェー,オーストラリア,ブラジルやアメリカからも産出する。…

【トパーズ】より

…OHとFの秩序配列およびO-H結合の配向性で対称性が三斜晶系まで低下するものがある。【秋月 瑞彦】
[宝石]
 紅海のセント・ジョン島からペリドットperidot(カンラン石(オリビン)の一種フォルステライトの宝石種)が産出するが,古い時代にはこの石がトパーズと呼ばれ,現在のトパーズとの混同があった。トパーズはAl2SiO4(OH)2の成分をもつ水酸基(OH)タイプと,Al2SiO4(F)2のフッ素(F)タイプの二つに大別される。…

※「peridot」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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