physical random number

Japanese: physical random number(英語表記)physicalrandomnumber
physical random number

...When rolling a dice, (1) the probability of each number appearing is 1/6, and (2) there is no way to correctly guess which number will appear. Therefore, the sequence of numbers obtained by rolling the dice and recording the numbers that appear is said to have (1) uniformity and (2) irregularity (randomness). A sequence of numbers that has these two properties is generally called a uniform random number sequence, or uniform random numbers, or simply random numbers. Ordinary dice are cubes (regular hexahedrons) with the numbers 1 through 6 written on each face, but this is inconvenient for creating the decimal sequence that we use in our daily lives, so there are also "random number dice" available on the market in which the numbers 0 through 9 appear exactly twice on each face of a regular icosahedron. ...

*Some terminology that mentions "physical random number" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…サイコロを振る場合には,(1)どの目が出る割合(確率)も1/6で,(2)どの目が出るかを正しく言い当てる手段はない。したがって,サイコロを振って出た目の数を記録して得られる数字の列は,(1)一様性,および(2)不規則性(ランダムネス)を有しているという。一般に,この二つの性質を有する数列のことを一様乱数列,あるいは一様乱数,または単に乱数という。 ふつうのサイコロは立方体(正六面体)で,各面に1から6までの目が書いてあるが,これではわれわれが日常使っている十進法の数列を作るのには不便なので,正二十面体の各面に,0から9までの数字がちょうど2回ずつ現れるようになっている“乱数サイ”も市販されている。…

※「physical random number」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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