O'Higgins, Bernardo

Japanese: オヒギンス（英語表記）O'Higgins， Bernardo

[Born] August 20, 1778. Chang
Died October 24, 1842. Chilean soldier and politician. Known as the father of the nation. His father was A. O'Higgins. After receiving his education in Lima, he studied abroad in England. He became friends with F. Miranda and was sympathetic to Miranda's ideas on the independence revolution. He returned to Chile in 1802 and began the independence movement. In 1810 he launched an independence revolution but failed. In 1817, with the support of Argentine General J. San Martín, he overthrew the Spanish army and became Governor-General of Chile (1817-23). He declared independence on February 1, 1818. He aimed for liberal reforms such as reducing the authority of the church and abolishing primogeniture, but was thwarted by opposition from conservatives. He spent the rest of his life in Lima.

O'Higgins
O'Higgins, Ambrosio

Born: circa 1720, Ireland
[Died] March 18, 1801. Spanish merchant, politician, and soldier. He came to the Americas in 1756 and worked as a merchant in Buenos Aires and Santiago. He later joined the army and distinguished himself in a battle with the Aurcanos, rising to the rank of major general (1782). He served as Governor of Concepción (1786-1788), Governor of Chile (1788-1796), and Viceroy of Peru (1796-1800).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1778.8.20. チヤン
[没]1842.10.24. リマ
チリの軍人，政治家。建国の父と呼ばれる。父親は A.オヒギンス。リマで教育を受けたのち，イギリスに留学。 F.ミランダと親交を結び，彼の独立革命の思想に共鳴。 1802年帰国して，独立運動を開始。 10年独立革命を起したが失敗，アルゼンチンの J.サン＝マルティン将軍の支援を得て，17年スペイン軍を打倒，チリの総督 (1817～23) となる。 18年2月1日独立を宣言。教会の権限の削減，長子相続制の廃止など自由主義的な改革を目指したが，保守派の反対にあい挫折。リマで余生をおくった。

オヒギンス
O'Higgins， Ambrosio

[生]1720頃.アイルランド
[没]1801.3.18. リマ
スペインの商人，政治家，軍人。 1756年アメリカ大陸に渡り，ブエノスアイレス，サンチアゴで商人として活躍。のち軍隊に入って，アウルカノ族との戦闘に軍功を立て少将に昇進 (1782) 。コンセプシオン知事 (86～88) ，チリ総督 (88～96) を経てペルー副王 (96～1800) となった。

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