Reynaud, E. (English spelling)

Japanese: Reynaud,E.(英語表記)ReynaudE
Reynaud, E. (English spelling)

...These were performed with narration of ritual texts and Joruri puppetry. On the other hand, the original form of animation that did not use a light source, i.e., did not involve projection, included the thaumatrope, invented in England in the 19th century, as well as a series of scientific toys that utilized the phenomenon of afterimages on the retina, such as the stroboscope, phenakistiscope, and zoetrope. Furthermore, the Frenchman Émile Reynaud added a projection device to the praxinoscope, an improved version of the zoetrope, and in 1892, he performed a large-scale moving magic lantern show at the Paris Wax Museum, called the Théâtre Optique (Optical Theater), or "light silent theater," in which more than 600 colored frames of pictures were drawn on a long celluloid belt and projected onto a screen. It can be said that the origins of animation lie before the invention of the "cinema," which involves shooting on film and then projecting the images.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Reynaud, E." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…祭文語りや浄瑠璃語りがついて上演された。一方,光源を使わない,つまり映写をしないアニメーションの原初の形として,19世紀イギリスで発明された〈ソーマトロープ〉をはじめ,網膜の残像現象を利用した一連の科学玩具,〈ストロボスコープ〉〈フェナキスティスコープ〉〈ゾーエトロープ〉などがあり,さらにフランス人レノーÉmile Reynaudがゾーエトロープを改良した〈プラキシノスコープ〉に映写装置をつけ加え,92年,パリの蠟人形館で〈テアトル・オプチック(光学劇場)〉,または〈光の無言劇〉と称して,長いセルロイド・ベルトに600コマ以上の絵をカラーでかいたものをスクリーンに映写する大仕掛けな動く幻灯を興行した。フィルムに撮影してそれを映写する〈映画〉が発明される以前に,アニメーションの起源があったといえる。…

※「Reynaud,E.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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